Ecological environment is the fundamental condition on which humans living and development depends.It is an important measure in implementiong continuous development stratagem of local economics, protectiong ecological environment of which are important ecological functional areas and searching ways to coordinate the economic development and ecological environment protection.Located at south bank of Jingjiang river in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, Dongting Lake has an important ecological function in adjusting flood, sediments and biological diversity, and it plays an important role in keeping the relation between lakes and rivers, ecological balance of the Yangtze river.In answer to the requirement of national rank ecological functional area in Dongting lake, this paper gives out the division if ecological functional of Dongting Lake and puts forward the countermeasure on environment protection and recovery by drawing up principles of division of ecological function in Dongting Lake.