Benthic invertebrate is a keystone iu lake food web to connect nutrients in sediment to animals in and a bove water, such as fish and waterfowl. Phosphorus is believed to be an important factor leading to eutrophication Some studies illustrated that the benthos biomass increased with concentration of total phosphorous in water column (TP).The researches on the relationships of phosphorus concentrations in benthic fauna(PIB), lake sediment (PIS) and water column were carried out for 4 times during 2003 in 7 plain shallow reservoirs at the Yellow River Delta. The results displayed:(I)that Ch.ironomidea lawae is the main fauna in the benthos, contributing average 80% to total benthos biomass, and the other species of Tubifcidea to 20%n, (2) that PIB had a great significant positive correlation with PIS, but no significant correlation with 'fP,(3)that the proportion of the larvae has no significant correlation with PIB, (4) that the larvae biomass(CB) had a significant correlation with PIS only in A pril during the research, meanwhile, the maximums of CBes increase with the PIS, and(5)that maximums of CBes also increase with TP, while there is a significant correlation between CB and TP if the data of a special reser voir is deleted. The conclusion is:(I)that the phosphorus bioaccumulation by henthic fauna mainly made up of chironomid and tubificid controlled by PIS, while the influence of the fauna constructions and that of the different seasons can be neglected, and (2) that CB is not only controlled by TP, but also influenced by the predation of fish and emergence nonsynchronization of the larvae.