The matter element analysis has been used to optimize points selection of water quality monitoring in the Lekn River basin of Lake Poyang, taking the average monitoring data in 8 years which is from 1995 to 2002 as the original data. Matter element matrix of standard and partial unit can be established on condition that optimum and second optimum points are chosen, connected with integrative and correlative function, the optimized points are chosen. Meanwhile, the distances methpd which is belonged to the correlation and the Means Cluster process are used to the classification of monitoring points. Integrating three methods above, the 13 traditional monitoring points in the Le, an River basin of Lake Poyang can be optimized to 9 monitoring sites.