Based on hyperspectral remote sensing measurement for Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa, this in situ experiment addressed the hyperspectral characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa and determined their optimal hyperspectral quantitative models of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) estimation.The study demonstrated that:(1)The optimal hyperspectral quantitative model of Chlorella vulgaris was Chl-a=174.6+1138292(R₇₀₃)'+2.3(10⁹[(R₇₀₃']²(p<0.01), and the suitability order of corresponding methods was spectral ratio > single band > reflectance first-derivative;the optimal hyperspectral quantitative model of Microcystis aeruginosa was Chl-a=5299164(R757)^1.9773(p<0.01), and the suitability order of corresponding methods was single band > reflectance first-derivative > spectral ratio;(2) According to hyperspectral characteristics of Chlo-rella vulgaris, two reflectance crests were around 540 nm and 700 nm and their locations moved right while Chl-a concentrations increased.For Microcystis aeruginos, three reflectance wave crests were around 530 nm, 660 nm and 700 nm while two troughs were near 610 nm and 680 nm;(3) Compared with results of previous outdoor researches, the Microcystis aeruginos reflectance with wavelength between 400 nm and 500 nm was relatively bigger, as for suspended substance and CDOM didnf exist in this indoor experiment.