A microcosm was established to simulate the short-term nutrient excretion of the Corbicula fluminea which was sampled in the Gonghu Bay, Lake Taihu. The C. fluminea was cultivated at 5, 15 and 25℃ after 24 hours' acclimation. The results showed that temperature greatly affected the nitrogen and phosphorus excretion rate of the C. fluminea. The excretion rate of total phosphorus(TP), total nitrogen(TN), total dissolved nitrogen(TDN), total dissolved phosphorus(TDP) and phosphate phosphorus(PO₄^3--P) represented a notable increase with the temperature increasing, however, the excretion rate of nitrite nitrogen(NO₂^--N) increased first and then reduced with the increasing temperature. The change in the excretion of ammonium nitrogen(NH₄⁺-N) between 5 and 15℃ was not significant. Temperature had a non-significant effect on nitrate nitrogen(NO₃^--N). We also found that the C. fluminea was ammonotelic benthos, and NH₄⁺-N was the main nitrogenous excretory product which occupied for 50.78%-100% of the TN. TDN accounted for 89.14%-100% of the TN. Although NO₃^--N and NO₂^--N were detected, the amount of them is very little. In the phosphorus excretion, the proportion of TDP and PO₄^3--P to TP were 83.01%-100% and 36.60%-96.59%, respectively, and the proportion of them increased with the rising temperature. Regression analysis between the dry weight, temperature and the excretion rates indicated that the regression equation R(X)=aW^b·e^cT+d was adaptive to all types of the nitrogen and phosphorus excretion except NO₃^--N and NO₂^--N, and the R square reached over 0.967.