Submerged plants-epiphytic microbes system is an important component of aquatic ecosystems, but little is known about their status and roles. Lake Huashen is an urban lake, where submerged plants occupied about 40% of the water surface. Although concentrations of nutrients (P and N) were high in Lake Huashen, the algal blooms have never occurred in recent years. In order to explain this phenomenon in Lake Huashen, we determined the density of epiphytic microbes and dominant epiphytic algae attached on the surface of three submersed macrophytes including Potamogeton crispus, Elodea nuttallii and Ceratophyllum demersum, investigated their distribution using the scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy and further compared the difference in algae composition among three plants. The results showed that the distribution of microbial communities on leaf surface were related to the foliar age and species of submerged plant. Among the three submerged plants, a higher density and complex structures of epiphyticmicrobial community were found on leaf surface of Potamogeton crispus as compared to the other two plants. The quantity of algae and epiphytic microbes were higher on lower leaves of plants than that on the upper leaves. The densities of epiphytic microbes among three plants were in sequence:Potamogeton crispus > Ceratophyllum demersum > Elodea nuttallii, and as for algae, in sequence Potamogeton crispus > Elodea nuttallii > Ceratophyllum demersum. In general, the number of total epiphyticmicrobes is about 1-2 orders higher than that of algae. The study provided useful information to study the structure and function of submerged plants-epiphytic microbes system.