The nitrogen isotope (δ¹⁵N) of lake sediments plays an important role in indicating climate change in terms of paleoenvironment and palaeoclimate change. However, there is still a lack of in-depth research on the characteristics of climate change indicated by δ¹⁵N records as a proxy for climate change. This paper took the sediment of Jiulong Wetland in Fanjing Mountain, Guizhou Province, as a research object, and analysed and discussed the process and characteristics of dry and wet climate change in the Fanjing Mountain area recorded by δ¹⁵N, combined with the data of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N). Finally, a comparative study was carried out, the results showed that: (1) Because the organic matter in the sediment of Jiulong Wetland was mainly from the watershed, when the climate was wet, the soil moisture increased and terrestrial plants grew well, leading to the increased external input on the organic matter to the lake and the negative δ¹⁵N value of sediment.When the climate was dry, the terrestrial plants and soil moisture decreased, leading to the reduction of the impact of external input on the organic matter in the lake sediments, the δ¹⁵N value of sediments was positive. (2) The δ¹⁵N records of the Jiulong Wetland sediments revealed well the Holocene climatic processes (dry/wet changes) in the Fanjing Mountain area. In the early (11.5-9.2 ka B.P.), the Asian summer monsoon was enhanced, and the climate evolved from dry to wet. In the middle (9.2-3.0 ka B.P.), the Asian summer monsoon was strong and the climate was in an overall wet period. In the late period (3.0-2.2 ka B.P.), the Asian summer monsoon weakened and the climate evolved from wet to dry. This record is regionally consistent with Holocene climate change recorded by other climate proxy indicators in southwest China, their differences in some periods indicating significant regional characteristics. This study shows that the sediment δ¹⁵N record of Jiulong Wetland can be used to reconstruct the characteristics of Holocene climate and environmental changes in the study area, and it is a very useful palaeoclimate proxy record.