| 摘要: |
| 随着太湖流域社会与经济的发展，多环芳烃（PAHs）在各种环境介质中逐渐累积，污染日益严重，已对太湖生态环境及周边人体健康构成严重威胁。为了探究太湖沉积物PAHs的来源及生态风险，本研究于2021年12月在太湖采集了30个表层沉积物样品，利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）检测样品中16种PAHs的含量；利用受体模型和BaP毒性当量法进行来源解析及生态风险评估，并将各来源贡献与毒性当量浓度相结合，量化源风险。结果表明，太湖表层沉积物中16种PAHs总含量介于124~592ng/g之间，平均值为294ng/g，中值为279ng/g；高环多环芳烃（HMW PAHs）为主要组分，占∑PAHs的67%。高浓度区域位于竺山湾、梅梁湾、贡湖湾和西太湖，与国内外其他湖泊沉积物相比，太湖沉积物PAHs含量处于较低水平。源解析的结果表明，太湖表层沉积物中PAHs交通排放源贡献率为29.1%、煤炭燃烧源贡献率为26.7%、生物质燃烧源贡献率为28.7%、石油源贡献率为15.6%。生态风险评价结果表明，交通排放源、生物质燃烧源、煤炭燃烧源和石油源的苯并[a]芘毒性当量浓度（TEQBaP）均值分别为19.34ng/g、17.81ng/g、16.33ng/g和9.1ng/g，均小于70ng/g，处于几乎无风险水平。西太湖、贡湖湾和梅梁湾的部分区域ΣTEQBaP大于70ng/g属于潜在风险区，具有一定潜在毒性。在后续的污染治理中应重点关注太湖西北部地区污染物的排放。本研究可为沉积物中PAHs污染的研究提供数据支撑，为地方政府的精准、高效地管控PAHs污染提供理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 太湖 多环芳烃 沉积物 风险评价 来源解析 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42101079）、湖泊与环境国家重点实验室开放基金项目（2022SKL002）、浙江师范大学流域地表过程与生态安全重点实验室开放课题(KF-2022-01)联合资助。 |
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| Study on the spatial distribution, source and risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in surface sediments from TaiHu Lake |
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Wen Jiale,Li Yan,Li Ye,Zhang Huanchao,Cheng Xinyu,Li Ning,You Xinyi,Zhu Qing,Liu Min
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1.College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University、Faculty of Geographical Sciences,East China Normal University;2.College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University、Key Laboratory of Watershed Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University、State Key Laboratory of Lakes and Environment
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| Abstract: |
| With the social and economic development of the Taihu Lake Basin, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have gradually accumulated in various environmental media, leading to increasingly serious pollution, which has posed a serious threat to the ecological environment of Taihu Lake and the surrounding human health. In order to explore the source and ecological risk of PAHs in Taihu sediments, 30 surface sediment samples were collected in Taihu Lake in the winter of 2021, and the contents of 16 PAHs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The source analysis and ecological risk assessment were carried out by using the receptor model and the BaP toxicity equivalent method, and the contribution of each source was combined with the toxicity equivalent concentration to quantify the source risk. The results showed that the total content of 16 PAHs in the surface sediments of Taihu Lake ranged from 124~592 ng/g, with an average value of 294 ng/g and a median value of 279 ng/g. High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW PAHs) were the main components, accounting for 67% of ∑PAHs. The high concentration areas are Zhushan Bay, Meiliang Bay, Gonghu Bay and West Taihu Lake. The PAHs content of Taihu Lake sediments is at a low level compared with other lake sediments at home and abroad. The results of source analysis showed that the contribution rate of PAHs in the surface sediment of Taihu Lake was 29.1% for traffic emissions, 26.7% for coal combustion, 28.7% for biomass combustion, and 15.6% for petroleum. The results of ecological risk assessment showed that the mean toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQBaP) of benzo[a]pyrene were 19.34ng/g, 17.81ng/g, 16.33ng/g and 9.1ng/g, respectively, which were less than 70ng/g, which was almost risk-free. Some areas of West Taihu Lake, Gonghu Bay and Meiliang Bay have a ΣTEQBaP greater than 70ng/g and are potential risk areas, which have certain potential toxicity. In the follow-up pollution control, we should focus on the discharge of pollutants in the northwest of Taihu Lake. This study can provide data support for the research on PAHs pollution in sediments, and provide a theoretical basis for local governments to control PAHs pollution accurately and efficiently. |
| Key words: TaiHu Lake polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons sediments risk assessment source apportionment |
