| 摘要: |
| 为探究不同时空尺度下不同湖泊类型土地利用对水质的影响差异，以四川省自贡市富顺西湖(河成湖)和云南省腾冲市青海湖(火山湖)为研究对象，提取6个空间尺度(50 m、60 m、70 m、80 m、90 m、100 m湖岸带缓冲区)的景观格局指数，结合雨季(2022年7月)和旱季(2023年4月)湖泊水质参数，采用冗余分析法定量探究不同时空尺度下土地利用对两类湖泊水质影响的差异性。结果表明:(1) 富顺西湖与腾冲青海湖水质参数季节性差异显著，雨季水质优于旱季，两个湖泊水环境质量存在显著差异，腾冲青海湖水环境质量优于富顺西湖，腾冲青海湖符合地表水环境Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类水质标准，富顺西湖达到Ⅳ类、Ⅴ类水质标准。(2) 富顺西湖在旱季和50 - 60 m湖岸带缓冲区对水质影响最为强烈，腾冲青海湖在雨季和60 m湖岸带缓冲区尺度下土地利用对水质解释率最大。(3) 土地利用指数对两类湖泊水质的影响各不相同。富顺西湖流域内PD、LSI和AI与多数水质指标呈正相关，“源”景观聚集程度和破碎化程度高会加剧对水质的威胁。腾冲青海湖流域内林地面积占比和聚合度指数(AI)对水质具有正效应，能够改善水环境质量；斑块指数(PD)和景观形状指数(LSI)值的增加会加剧斑块破碎化，导致水质恶化。本研究基于不同时空尺度对土地利用与两类湖泊水质关系的差异性进行深入探讨，指导不同类型湖泊的区域规划与管理，为湖泊环境质量评价及保护和制定针对性的湖泊缓冲带设置、生态修复等策略提供科学依据，进而促进湖泊水质安全和水资源可持续利用。 |
| 关键词: 土地利用 水质 多尺度效应 冗余分析 西南地区湖泊 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:(41801063),重庆市自然科学基金面上项目 (cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0549),重庆市教委科学技术研究计划项目 (KJQN202200517),重庆师范大学(20XLB022) |
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| 西南地区河成湖与火山湖土地利用对水质的多时空尺度影响差异 |
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Liu Jie, Liu Rui, Zuo Shulin, Zhang Jing
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School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University
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| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the differences in the impact of land use on water quality of different lake types at different spatial and temporal scales, landscape pattern indices were extracted at six spatial scales (50 m, 60 m, 70 m, 80 m, 90 m, 100 m lakeshore buffer zones) from Fushun West Lake (fluvial lake) in Zigong City, Sichuan Province, and Qinghai Lake (volcanic lake) in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province, and combined with wet-season (July 2022) and dry-season (April 2023), and we use redundancy analysis to quantitatively investigate the differences in the impacts of land use on water quality of the two types of lakes at different spatial and temporal scales. The results show that: (1) Fushun West Lake and Tengchong Qinghai Lake have significant seasonal differences in water quality parameters, and water quality is better in the wet season than in the dry season, and there is a significant difference in the quality of the water environment of the two lakes, and the quality of the water environment of Tengchong Qinghai Lake is better than that of Fushun West Lake, and Tengchong Qinghai Lake conforms to the class Ⅱ and Ⅲ standards of water quality of the surface water environment, and Fushun West Lake reaches the standards of water quality of class Ⅳ and V. (2) The land use of Fushun West Lake has the strongest impact on water quality during the dry season and the 50-60 meter lakeshore buffer zone scale, while the land use of Tengchong Qinghai Lake has the highest interpretation rate for water quality during the wet season and the 60 meter lakeshore buffer zone scale. (3) The impact of land use indices on the water quality of the two types lakes is varied. PD, LSI and AI were positively correlated with most of the water quality indicators in the Fushun West Lake watershed, and the high degree of aggregation and fragmentation of the "source" landscapes would exacerbate the threat to water quality. The proportion of forest land area and the aggregation index (AI) within the Tengchong Qinghai Lake watershed had a positive effect on water quality ,which can improve water environment quality; an increase in patch index (PD) and landscape shape index (LSI) values exacerbated the fragmentation of the patches and led to deterioration of water quality.? Based on different spatial and temporal scales, this study explores the relationship between land use and water quality of two types of lakes, guides the regional planning and management of different types of lakes, and provides a scientific basis for the evaluation of the environmental quality of the lakes and the protection of the lakes, as well as for the development of targeted lake buffer zones and ecological restoration strategies, so as to promote the safety of the water quality of the lakes and the sustainable use of water resources. |
| Key words: land use water quality multi-scale effects redundancy analysis southwestern lakes |
