| 摘要: |
| 湖泊中浮游植物过度生长繁殖引起的藻华现象日益频繁，严重威胁湖泊生态环境的健康与安全。近年来呼伦湖蓝藻水华覆盖面积有扩大的趋势，2022年呼伦湖蓝藻水华最严重时几乎覆盖了整个湖面，我们分别在春季、夏季和秋季调查了湖泊表层、中层、底层水的浮游植物种类、细胞密度、生物量和相关水质量指标，共鉴定出浮游植物193种，隶属于8门113属，优势种共14种，物种组成表现为绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻型，其中春秋2季浮游植物种类数基本相当，夏季最少只有春秋2季的1/2，但夏季的细胞密度最大，较春秋2季多一个数量级，春夏秋3个季节的浮游植物生物量同在一个数量级水平分别为6.86×106 mg/L、5.10×106 mg/L和1.66×106 mg/L。春季多样性指数最高，夏季丰富度指数最高，春季均匀度指数最高，呼伦湖浮游植物群落特征及其季节性差异是湖泊水环境条件和气象因素共同作用的结果，根据相关性分析得出主要影响因素依次为总氮、总磷、pH、溶解氧和气温、蒸发量、风速等。 |
| 关键词: 呼伦湖 浮游植物 群落特征 水华现象 影响因素 |
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| 基金项目:内蒙古重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2023YFDZ0022)和国家自然科学基金项目(52369014、52060022)联合资助 |
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| Evolution characteristics and influencing factors of phytoplankton in Hulun Lake |
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Li Xingyue,Zhang Sheng,Liu Yu,SHI Xiaohong,Yang Zhaoxia,Lu Zongfu,Wang Dianfei,Zhao Yunxi
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Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| Algal blooms caused by excessive growth and reproduction of phytoplankton in lakes are becoming more and more frequent, which seriously threatens the health and safety of lake ecological environment. In recent years, the coverage area of cyanobacterial blooms in Hulun Lake has been expanding. In 2022, the most serious cyanobacterial blooms in Hulun Lake will cover almost the entire lake surface. We investigated the phytoplankton species, cell density, biomass and related water quality indicators in the surface, middle and bottom water of the lake in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. A total of 193 species of phytoplankton were identified, belonging to 113 genera and 8 phyla. There were 14 dominant species. The species composition was green algae-diatom-cyanobacteria type. The number of phytoplankton species in spring and autumn was basically the same, and that in summer was at least 1/2 of that in spring and autumn. The cell density in summer was the highest, which was one order of magnitude higher than that in spring and autumn. The phytoplankton biomass in spring, summer and autumn was 6.86 × 106 mg/L, 5.10 × 106 mg/L and 1.66 × 106 mg/L, respectively. The diversity index was the highest in spring, the richness index was the highest in summer, and the evenness index was the highest in spring. The characteristics and seasonal differences of phytoplankton community in Hulun Lake were the results of the combined action of lake water environment conditions and meteorological factors. According to the correlation analysis, the main influencing factors were total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH, dissolved oxygen and temperature, evaporation, wind speed and so on. |
| Key words: Hulun Lake phytoplankton community characteristics water bloom phenomenon influencing factors |
