| 摘要: |
| 太湖是我国最为重要的湖泊之一,是国家湖泊治理的重点对象。自2007年水危机以来,太湖治理共投入超2620亿元,是世界上治理力度最大的湖泊。2016年以来太湖出现磷反弹、2020年开始显著好转、2023年水华减少。太湖蓝藻水华与磷的响应相对显著,回顾关于太湖十余年磷的研究,关于底泥内源释放对水体TP的贡献说法不一,这对于太湖整体磷负荷的认识及内源治理措施的制定都产生了重要的影响。针对太湖底泥磷的源汇问题、释放量以及释放规律,本文对国内外关于湖泊底泥磷释放的监测、试验、计算等研究进行系统回顾；对关于太湖底泥释放方面的研究进行梳理。通过比较和分析,尝试形成对太湖底泥磷释放的规律和范围的一些基本认识。通过综述总结本文提出了“总源”、“总汇”、“净源”、“净汇”的概念,并对可能成为“净源”的5个过程的发生条件、释放强度进行分析,认为Fick扩散释放是可以恒常性发生的过程,而在具备条件才发生的过程中,DO<2mg/L后出现的磷还原释放是比较主要的过程、需要重点关注。判断“净源”是否发生应该依据实际湖泊的环境条件进行动态释放试验进行评价。太湖目前虽然处于“总汇”状态,但“净源”是显著存在的,明确“净源”存在的位置、发生的时段对于太湖内源治理非常重要。 |
| 关键词: 太湖 底泥磷释放 源汇 质量平衡 释放试验 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划） |
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| A review of phosphorus release amount and release rules in Lake Taihu sediment |
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zhuwei,houhao,liuhuan,xuxiaoge,zhuyuxing,chennuo,caojun,linnaixi
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College of Civil and Transportation, Hohai University
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| Abstract: |
| Lake Taihu stands as one of China"s paramount lakes and a pivotal focus for national lake management endeavors. Since the water crisis of 2007, an extensive investment totaling over 262 billion yuan has been allocated towards Lake Taihu"s management, rendering it the most meticulously supervised lake globally. From 2016 onwards, a resurgence in phosphorus levels within Lake Taihu was observed, with notable amelioration evident from 2020 onwards and a subsequent decline in water blooms by 2023. The reaction of cyanobacteria blooms to phosphorus levels in Lake Taihu demonstrates a noteworthy correlation. Reflecting on over a decade of phosphorus research in Lake Taihu, divergent perspectives exist regarding the contribution of internal sediment phosphorus release to water TP. Such disparities have significantly influenced the comprehension of Lake Taihu"s overall phosphorus load and the formulation of internal control strategies. This paper systematically reviews both domestic and foreign studies concerning the monitoring, experimentation, and computation of phosphorus release from lake sediments, with a focus on the origin, absorption, and release patterns. Through comparative analysis, it endeavors to establish fundamental insights into the patterns and extents of phosphorus release from Lake Taihu sediments. By means of a comprehensive review, this paper introduces the concepts of "total source," "total sink," "net source," and "net sink," whilst analyzing the conditions under which five processes may manifest as "net sources." Fick diffusion release is deemed a continual process, whereas phosphorus reduction release, occurring post-DO<2mg/L, emerges as a notably significant process under specific conditions warranting special consideration. The determination of a "net source" necessitates evaluation through dynamic release experiments conducted under authentic lake environmental conditions. Despite Lake Taihu currently existing as a "total sink," the presence of a "net source" remains significant. The identification of its occurrence location and timing holds paramount importance for Lake Taihu"s internal control strategies. |
| Key words: Lake Taihu Sediment phosphorus release source/sink Mass balance Release experiment |
