| 摘要: |
| 探究城市湖泊物种和功能多样性分布及其历史变化有助于了解人类干扰对生态系统的影响。本研究于2020年~2021年对东湖不同湖区的底栖动物进行了三次季节性调查，并搜集了1970年~2020年文献中的历史数据，就底栖动物物种、功能和系统发育多样性空间分布和历史变化进行了比较，通过获取2000年、2010年及2020年东湖湖滨带1 km缓冲区的不同土地利用方式占比变化，分析了底栖动物多样性和环境因子之间的相关性。结果表明：调查共记录底栖动物97属种，团湖总种类数最高，底栖动物功能丰富度在后湖最高，在庙湖分布最为均匀，在菱角湖分布最离散，系统发育的分类多样性指数在团湖最高，分类差异指数在庙湖最高。总物种数和总氮、总磷负相关，耐污种种类数和总磷负相关，功能均匀度和耕地占比正相关，功能丰富度和总氮、总磷负相关，分类多样性指数和总氮、总磷负相关。结合历史数据，从1970s到2020s，水生昆虫占比呈现先减少后增加趋势，到2010s底栖动物有个体小型化的趋势，后有所恢复。 |
| 关键词: 底栖动物 功能多样性 土地利用 历史变化 东湖 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:长江黄河流域指示水生生物筛选及其分布特征研究（2021YFC3200103）；湖泊典型沉水植被灾害的生态水文防控技术研究与应用（2022BCA072）；武汉市市政建设集团科技计划项目（wszky202014） |
|
| Distribution of zoobenthos diversity in the Lake Donghu: Driving factors and historical changes |
|
Yu Zengzeng, He Yajing, Wu Junyan, Zhao Yongjing, Cui Yongde
|
|
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences
|
| Abstract: |
| Exploring the distribution and their historical changes of taxonomic and functional diversity in urban lakes could help to understand the effects of human disturbances on ecosystems. The Donghu Lake is a medium-sized shallow lake in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, located in the eastern part of Wuchang District, Wuhan City. It is a river-connected lake formed by natural siltation of the Yangtze River on the basis of the tectonic movement. In order to understand the historical changes of zoobenthic taxonomic and functional diversity in the Donghu Lake, this study conducted three seasonal surveys of zoobenthos in different lake districts (the Guozheng Lake, the Tangling Lake, the Hou Lake, the Tuan Lake, the Lingjiao Lake, the Yujia Lake and the Miao Lake) from 2020 to 2021, and collected historical data from 1970 to 2020 in literatures and books. We compared the distribution and historical changes of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of zoobenthos. By obtaining the proportions of different land use in 1 km buffer zone in 2000, 2010 and 2020, and analyzing the correlations between zoobenthic diversity and environmental factors. The results showed that 97 taxa of zoobenthos were identified, the total taxa number was the highest in the Tuan Lake. The functional diversity of zoobenthos was the highest in the Hou Lake, the most uniform in the Miao Lake, and the most discrete in the Lingjiao Lake. To phylogenetic diversity, the taxonomic diversity index was the highest in the Tuan Lake, and the taxonomic distinctness index was the highest in the Miao Lake. The total taxa number was negatively correlated with total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and the number of pollution-tolerant species was negatively correlated with total phosphorus. The functional evenness was positively correlated with the proportion of cultivated land, and the functional richness was negatively correlated with total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The taxonomic diversity index was negatively correlated with total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Combined with historical data, from 1970s to 2020s, Aquatic insects showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing, and the groups of zoobenthos showed a trend of individual miniaturization in the 2010s, and then recovered. |
| Key words: zoobenthos functional diversity land use historical change the Donghu Lake |
