| 摘要: |
| 本研究以淮河流域沱湖为研究对象，系统采集全湖65个表层沉积物样品，测定样品中V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb、Fe和Al含量。通过反距离权重法揭示沱湖表层沉积物重金属空间分布特征，利用地累积指数法（Igeo）、潜在生态风险指数法评价表层沉积物中重金属污染与风险水平，运用主成分分析、相关性分析、绝对主成分-多元线性回归分析（APCS-MLR）、正定矩阵因子分析（PMF）等多元统计分析手段解析沉积物中重金属污染来源。结果表明：沱湖沉积物样品中V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb的含量范围分别为60.97~106.68 mg/kg、68.09~104.52 mg/kg、738.77~1445.53 mg/kg、10.48~16.35 mg/kg、28.17~45.89 mg/kg、19.44~33.48.89 mg/kg、47.15~84.29 mg/kg、11.79~28.24 mg/kg、0.14~0.36 mg/kg和22.59~45.58 mg/kg，东部湖湾水域是全湖沉积物10种重金属累积高值区域；根据Igeo结果，整体来看，Pb、Zn、Mn、Ni、As、Cd一定程度受到人为输入来源的影响，沉积物Cd的污染程度明显高于其他重金属；Cd的单元素潜在生态风险指数（E_r^i）范围为40.7~103.7，潜在生态风险程度为中度至重度等级，其余重金属为低风险等级，10种重金属综合潜在生态风险水平处于轻微风险等级，位于西部湖湾和南部湖区近岸带小部分水域沉积物重金属的综合潜在生态风险水平处于中度风险等级；PMF模型更适用于本研究沉积物重金属污染溯源，估算出自然-水产养殖混合源、农业-交通混合源、工业源的贡献率分别为40.5%、34.5%、25.0%。本研究为淮河流域湖泊重金属污染防治工作提供了数据支撑和科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 沉积物 重金属 污染评价 空间分布 来源解析 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42107280），安徽省教育厅高校自然科学基金重大项目（2022AH040211），安徽省公益性地质调查项目（2022-g-1-4），宿州学院博士后科研启动基金（2021bsh003），宿州学院科研发展基金（2021fzjj31） |
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| Pollution Assessment and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediment of Tuohu Lake in Huaihe River Basin |
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li zhichun, wang yun hao1, chen song1, ma jie2, wang guo xiang3, xu xiao guang3, huang he yong3, zhu yi kun4
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1.Suzhou University;2.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment;3.Nanjing Normal University;4.Geological Exploration Technology Institute of Anhui Province
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| Abstract: |
| This study took Tuohu Lake in Huaihe River Basin as the research object. In this study, 65 surface sediment samples in Tuohu Lake from Huaihe River Basin were collected systematically, with 11 heavy metals (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Fe) and Al measured. The spatial distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments of Tuohu Lake were interpolated from point-scale measurements using the inverse distance weight method. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and the potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate the pollution and risk levels of heavy metals. The sources of heavy metal pollution in sediments were analyzed using principal component analysis, correlation analysis, absolute factor score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model, positive matrix factorization (PMF) and other statistical methods. The results showed that the average contents of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb in sediment samples of Tuohu Lake were 60.97-106.68 mg/kg, 68.09-104.52 mg/kg, 738.77-1445.53 mg/kg, 10.48-16.35 mg/kg, 28.17-45.89 mg/kg, 19.44-33.48.89 mg/kg, 47.15-84.29 mg/kg, 11.79-28.24 mg/kg, 0.14-0.36 mg/kg, and 22.59-45.58 mg/kg, respectively. The eastern lake bay showed enrichment of 10 heavy metals in lake sediments. Generally, according to Igeo results, Pb, Zn, Mn, Ni, As, and Cd were affected by anthropogenic input sources, and Cd pollution in sediment of Tuohu Lake was higher than other heavy metals. Single potential ecological risk index (E_r^i) of Cd, ranging from 40.7 to 103.7, suggested a moderate to severe level for the potential ecological risk while other heavy metals presented the low risk levels in sediment. The average comprehensive potential ecological risk index (RI) of 10 heavy metals showed a slight overall risk level of heavy metals. Meanwhile, the comprehensive potential ecological risk level of heavy metals in sediments in the western lake bay and a small part area of southern lakeshore were moderate. Furthermore, the PMF model effectively provided auxiliary information on the contribution of heavy metal sources, making up for the deficiency of APCS-MLR model calculation. According to the results of PMF model, the relative contribution of the mixed source with natural and aquaculture, the mixed source with agricultural and traffic, and industrial source were 40.5%, 34.5%, and 25.0%, respectively. This study can provide the data support and scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in lakes of Huaihe River Basin. |
| Key words: Sediments Heavy metals Pollution assessment Spatial distribution Source analysis |
