| 摘要: |
| 富营养化是当今的水污染治理难题,而农业非点源磷污染与水体富营养化的发生有着密切的关系,目前农田生态系统中广泛存在的磷素投入过量和由此导致的土壤磷素积累加剧了磷素向水体的流失本文根据国内外最新研究成果,分析了农田土壤磷素流失对水体富营养化的影响,指出了减轻农业非点源磷污染的重要性,对目前所采用的农业非点源磷污染重点控制区的确定方法和一些主要防治措施的效果进行了评述。 |
| 关键词: 富营养化 农业非点源污染 土壤磷素流失 控制对策 |
| DOI：10.18307/1999.0414 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院重大基金(KZ95T-04-01) |
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| Contribution of Agricultural Phosphorus Losses to Eutrophication of Waters and Its Controlling Strategies |
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GAO Chao, ZHANG Taolin
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Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008
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| Abstract: |
| Phosphorus from agricultural non-point sources has been identified as the main cause of freshwater eutrophication throughout the world and contributes a large share to the water quality deterioration. With excessive amount of phosphorus being input to the agro-ecosystem, the accumulation of P in cultivated soils has increased the potential for P loss in agricultural runoff and drainage. This paper attempts to summarize the research activities focused on the build-up of P in soil, the interaction of P with soils and its transport in surface and subsurface drainage. Phosphorus indexing system (PIS) used for identifying sites vulnerable to phosphorus loss in agricultural runoff is introduced. Widely practiced mitigation options include untrient budgeting, input management, soil conservation, land use management and the establishment of vegetated riparian zones, buffer strips and sedimentation ponds which have been proved to be very cost effective in a Chinese context. |
| Key words: Eutrophication non-point source pollution loss of soil phosphorus mitigation options |
