| 引用本文: | 徐中民,龙爱华,张志强,陈东景,巩增泰,苏志勇,张勃,石惠春.运用开放式条件估值方法评估恢复额济纳旗生态系统服务的总经济价值.湖泊科学,2004,16(Z1):153-162. DOI:10.18307/2004.sup19 |
| XU Zhongmin,LONG Aihua,ZHANG Zhiqiang,CHENG Dongjin,GONG Zengtai,SU Zhiyong,ZHANG Bo,SHI Huichun.Measuring the Total Economic Value of Restoring Ejina Banner's Ecosystem Services:Results from Open-ended Format. J. Lake Sci.2004,16(Z1):153-162. DOI:10.18307/2004.sup19 |
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| 运用开放式条件估值方法评估恢复额济纳旗生态系统服务的总经济价值 |
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徐中民1,2, 龙爱华3, 张志强4, 陈东景3, 巩增泰3, 苏志勇5, 张勃1, 石惠春1
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1.西北师范大学资源与环境学院, 兰州730000;2.鸟取大学干旱区土地研究中心, 1390浜坂, 鸟取680, 日本;3.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室, 兰州730000;4.中国科学院资源环境信息中心, 兰州 730000;5.兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室, 兰州730000
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| 摘要: |
| 条件估值方法(CVM)是当前国际上流行的衡量环境物品非利用经济价值的主要方法之一,它通过调查居民针对恢复或改善环境状况变化的支付意愿,从而定量地估计环境状况变化带来的经济效益和损失.针对黑河流域额济纳旗生态系统恶化的现状,以开放式问卷的调查方法设计了500份调查问卷,调查了黑河流域居民恢复额济纳旗生态系统的支付意愿,并采用非参数分析方法对结果进行分析.结果表明,用20年的时间将额济纳旗的生态系统恢复到80年代初的水平,黑河流域总共有93.2%的居民家庭存在支付意愿,有支付意愿家庭的平均支付意愿为每年每户44.9元,同时采用列联表检验的方法辨明了被调查者的年龄、学历、收入、户籍和居住的地理区域等因素对支付意愿的影响.最后在综合不同区域居民支付意愿差异的基础上,采用当前的市场利率将计算结果在时空尺度上加总,得到恢复黑河下游额济纳生态系统的总经济价值的现值为1.224×108元. |
| 关键词: 条件估值法(CVM)|支付意愿(WTP)|开放式|经济价值|额济纳旗 |
| DOI：10.18307/2004.sup19 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学重点基金(40235053)和国家自然科学基金(40201019)资助项目. |
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| Measuring the Total Economic Value of Restoring Ejina Banner's Ecosystem Services:Results from Open-ended Format |
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XU Zhongmin1,2, LONG Aihua3, ZHANG Zhiqiang4, CHENG Dongjin3, GONG Zengtai3, SU Zhiyong5, ZHANG Bo1, SHI Huichun1
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1.Department of Geography, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P.R.China;2.Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680, Japan;3.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, CAREERI, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, P.R.China;4.Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, P.R.China;5.State Key Laboratory ofArid Agroecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| The contingent valuation method (CVM) is a direct interview approach that can be used to provide acceptable measures of the economic value of preservation of natural resources. While the estimates from CVM may not be perfect, neither are estimates from any other economic or physical science model. The need for an assessment of the nonmarket benefits of restoring Ejina banner's ecosystem is clear. In this paper, we take it as a case to analyze the WTP of restoring ecosystem service. Obtaining accurate benefit estimates using CVM requires detailed descriptions of the resource being valued. In our survey, we use a 12-page paper with maps depicting the reason why Ejina Banner ecosystem deteriorated, the means by which ecosystem services could be restoring from their current level. The actual valuation portion of the survey has three elements:⑴ portrayal of the resources to be valued,(2)description of the particular mechanism to be used to pay for the resource, and (3) the question format used to elicit the respondent's money amount of willingness to pay. Due to concern over the influence of institutional and culture setting, the method of payment we adopted is payment cards in the survey. We employed an open-ended (OE) question format and a non-parametric model to estimate the welfare of restoring Ejina ecosystem. Results from 500 in-person interviews indicate that per households would pay an average of Y44.90 per year. Y49.42 for the main river household, Y38.23 for the rest of Heihe basin. The aggregate benefit to residents of the Heihe basin is Y 1.95 million annually for 20 years. Taking into account the market discount rate, the aggregate benefit(present value) of restoring Ejina banner ecosystem is Y 12.24 million. These estimates suggest that the general public in Heihe valley would be willing to pay to restoring the Ejina Banner ecosystem. Finally, we put forward some suggestions on how to apply and improve the contingent valuation method in our next research, and believe future efforts may be able to apply CVM efficiently accompanying with benefit-cost analysis. |
| Key words: Contingent valuation method|willingness to pay|open-ended question|ecosystem restoring|economic value|non-parametric estimation|Ejina Banner |
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