| 引用本文: | 陈蕾,沈超峰,陈英旭.溶解性有机质与水生生物的直接相互作用研究进展.湖泊科学,2011,23(1):1-8. DOI:10.18307/2011.0101 |
| CHEN Lei,SHEN Chaofeng,CHEN Yingxu.Direct interaction of dissolved organic matter with aquatic organisms. J. Lake Sci.2011,23(1):1-8. DOI:10.18307/2011.0101 |
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| 摘要: |
| 溶解性有机质广泛存在于天然水体中, 具有重要的生态与环境意义.然而在环境科学领域内, 天然水体中的溶解性有机质长期以来仅仅被作为惰性的吸附剂对待, 其自身的与生物的直接作用却一直被忽视.近年来, 越来越多的研究证据表明溶解性有机质自身即具有生物效应.它能在生物表面吸附, 并影响细胞膜的电化学性质与膜渗透性, 能被生物吸收, 进而诱导生物体内化学物质应激反应, 诱导并调节生物体内代谢酶的活性, 同时对生物产生一定的内分泌干扰效应.溶解性有机质对生物的轻度刺激作用是影响污染物的生物浓缩及毒性效应的重要因子之一, 系统地研究其中的机制对评价实际环境中污染物的生态风险有着重要意义.本文综述了溶解性有机质与生物的直接作用的相关研究成果, 并探讨目前此分支领域研究中出现的瓶颈问题。 |
| 关键词: 溶解性有机质 水生生物 生物效应 轻度刺激 |
| DOI：10.18307/2011.0101 |
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| Direct interaction of dissolved organic matter with aquatic organisms |
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CHEN Lei, SHEN Chaofeng, CHEN Yingxu
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Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P, R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Dissolved organic matter is widely present in aquatic environment with great ecological and environmental significance.In freshwater ecosystems, dissolved organic matter exceeds all living organisms by more than one order of magnitude.The ability of dissolved organic matter to affect aquatic biota indirectly by exerting strong control on the surrounding biogeochemical conditions is well established due to their ability to complex inorganic cations, including metals and a variety of organic compounds.In contrast, the potential direct interaction of these amphiphilic compounds with aquatic organisms themselves has been largely overiooked until recently.However, in the past decade, there has been growing recognition that dissolved organic matter can directly affect the physiology of organisms.Because of the chemical building blocks and physicochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter, researchers have postulated that these substances have a xenobiotic character, with effects such as sorption of dissolved organic matter on living membranes, alterations in membrane electrophysiological characteristics and permeability, induction of chemical stress defense reactions, induction and modulation of biotransformation enzymes and displaying hormone-like effects and so on.These interactions will impact the bioconcentration and toxic effects of environmental contaminants.Making these mechanisms clear is of critical importance in ecological understanding and risk assessment of contaminants.From the view of ecology, these interactions are thought to be a means of lifespan expansion;however, given the existence of multi-contaminants, these interactions will impact the bioconcentration and toxic effects of environmental contaminants.However, the complexity of dissolved organic matter and the variety of the methods by which the dissolved organic matter is obtained have made the explanation and the comparison between labs rather difficult.The gap between the lab and the field research also needs to be filled.In this review, the research progress on direct interaction of dissolved organic matter with organisms was introduced in detail and the bottleneck of this research aspect was discussed as well. |
| Key words: Dissolved organic matter aquatic organisms bio-effect mild stress |
