| 摘要: |
| 三峡水库已于2010年10月完成175 m的蓄水目标,蓄水后三峡库区形成一个生态位严重空缺的人造湖泊生态系统.近年来,库区及长江上游外来入侵鱼类呈增长态势,已发现外来入侵鱼类23种,且部分已处于种群数量暴发阶段.水库蓄水初期营养盐输入增加和初级生产力的提高通常也利于广适性鱼类和外来种的生存,对外来鱼类的入侵和种群数量的扩散暴发产生一定的促进作用.外来鱼类在生态位竞争上与土著鱼类相比处于明显优势地位,可能将严重危害三峡库区的渔业资源及其水域生态系统的安全.因此,对于三峡库区的鱼类入侵及其所带来的相关效应等问题,应引起密切关注和重视,尽早建立三峡库区入侵鱼类的预警和防治体系,严格评估人为引种活动,深入研究外来鱼类得以成功入侵的原因与机理. |
| 关键词: 三峡库区 鱼类入侵 蓄水 监测 入侵危害 |
| DOI：10.18307/2012.0203 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903048-01)资助 |
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| Invasive fishes in Three Gorges Reservoir area and preliminary study on effects of fish invasion owing to impoundment |
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BA Jiawen, CHEN Daqing
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Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Three Gorges Reservoir has become a man-made lake ecosystem where there are a lot of ecological niches left vacant or unused. Alien species appear to be successful invaders to fill these empty ecological niches. In recent years, a total of 23 invasive fish species have been found in this reservoir and the upper reaches of Yangtze River, some of which are in the stage of their population outbreak. The main reasons for this are increased nutrient inputs and thus high primary productivity in the initial time of impoundment. They facilitated the invasion of exotic fish species that have the adaptability to a wide range of environmental conditions. With a competitive advantage over indigenous fishes, invasive alien species can replace them. This may be seriously harmful to the fishery resources and aquatic ecological systems in Three Gorges Reservoir. Evidently, more attention should be paid to affects and other related issues caused by the invasive alien fish. The following measures can be urgently taken:the establishment of the early warning and prevention systems of invasive alien fish species, the assessment on the potential affects of the introduction of alien cultured fishes, and thorough investigations of mechanisms of exotic fish fishes as the successful invaders adapted for the reservoir environmental conditions. |
| Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir area fish invasion impoundment monitor invasive harm |
