| 摘要: |
| 2005-2010年对黄河上游茨哈峡至积石峡河段进行鱼类资源调查.结果表明,该河段分布有鱼类39种,分别隶属6目9科29属.鲤形目为主要类群,共2科8亚科20属27种,鲤科16属16种,鳅科4属11种;鲑形目2科3亚科4属5种;鲈形目2科2属4种;鲇形目、鳉形目、合鳃鱼目各1科1属1种.采集到鱼类36种,新增补鱼类7种(其中土著鱼类1种,外来鱼类6种).Margalef丰富度指数为0.692~1.753,香农威纳生物多样性指数为0.796~1.734,Shannon-Wiener改进指数为2.699~9.349,Wilhm改进指数为0.733~1.839,辛普森指数为0.406~0.764,Pielou指数为0.495~0.850.这表明该河段鱼类多样性不高,各样点间差异不显著,但不同水域渔获物组成存在一定的差异.本文对重要土著鱼类和外来鱼类的生态习性进行调查,并对鱼类资源衰退进行分析,提出了保护建议. |
| 关键词: 黄河上游 鱼类资源 外来鱼类 鱼类多样性 |
| DOI：10.18307/2013.0419 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31201729,41030208)资助 |
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| Fish resource survey on Cihaxia to Jishixia stretches in the upper reaches of Yellow River (2005-2010) |
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TANG Wenjia1, HE Dekui2
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1.Qinghai Provincial Environment Monitoring Center of Remote Sensing, Xining 810000, P.R.China;2.Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract: We carried out a six-year survey on fish resource of Cihaxia to Jishixia stretches in the upper reaches of Yellow River from 2005 to 2010.Totally,39 fish species were found and were belong to 6 orders,9 families and 29 genera.Among these,only 16 species were native and more than 20 exotic species widely distributed in the upper reaches of Yellow River.7 species including 1 native and 6 exotic species are new recorded for this stretch.Based on composition of catches,we evaluated the species diversity using Margalef richness index,Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness index,respectively.The results showed that the stretches from Cihaxia to Jishixia of the upper reaches of Yellow River holds low fish diversity,which can be attributed to the high altitude and deterioration of the environment.There are significant difference in catches composition among sample sites.We also investigated that fish feeding,spawning ground,and reproductive period and habitat characters of the dominant species. |
| Key words: The upper reaches of Yellow River fish resource exotic fish fish diversity |
