| 引用本文: | 王显丽,姜国强,周雯,王君丽.基于洱海水生态特征的流域最大日负荷总量控制.湖泊科学,2016,28(2):271-280. DOI:10.18307/2016.0205 |
| WANG Xianli,JIANG Guoqiang,ZHOU Wen,WANG Junli.TMDL of Lake Erhai based on water ecological features. J. Lake Sci.2016,28(2):271-280. DOI:10.18307/2016.0205 |
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| 摘要: |
| 基于洱海水生态历史数据及现状资料,采用概率密度分布曲线法及水生生物基准相结合的方式计算洱海总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)和氨氮(NH3-N)的控制目标,目标值分别为0.36、0.026、4和0.28 mg/L. 再根据该水质目标,得到洱海的最大日负荷(TMDL)总量. TMDL总量采用线性规划法计算,其中污染物响应系数矩阵通过MIKE 21二维水质模型计算所得. 安全容余(MOS)则通过一阶误差分析法确定. 经过一系列的计算,最终确定洱海的TMDL总量控制计划. 计算结果表明,洱海TN、TP、CODMn和NH3-N的TMDL总量分别为2005.989、149.671、19258.844和1348.119 kg/d,其MOS所占比例分别为6.152%、5.570%、4.380%和5.021%,表明洱海农业面源污染为该流域主要的污染形式,其允许最大排放量约占全部允许排放量的90%左右. |
| 关键词: 水生态 水质目标 最大日负荷总量 农业面源 洱海 |
| DOI：10.18307/2016.0205 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07105-005)资助. |
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| TMDL of Lake Erhai based on water ecological features |
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WANG Xianli1, JIANG Guoqiang2, ZHOU Wen2, WANG Junli3
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1.College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, P. R. China;2.South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China;3.Guangdong Technical College of Water Resources and Electric Engineering, Guangzhou 510635, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Using probability density distribution curve method and aquatic biological criteria, we calculated the water quality target of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus(TP), CODMn and ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) in Erhai Basin based on its history and current ecological data. The water quality targets of TN, TP, CODMn and ammonia nitrogen are 0.36, 0.026, 4 and 0.28 mg/L, respectively. According to the water quality target, we got the total maximum daily loads (TMDL) of Lake Erhai. The TMDL were calculated by the linear programming method and the pollutant response coefficient matrix is obtained by MIKE 21 which is the two-dimensional water quality model. MOS (margin of safety) is determined by a first-order error analysis method. After a series of calculations, we got the TMDL plan of Erhai Basin. The results showed that the TMDL of TN, TP, CODMn and NH3-N in Erhai Basin were 2005.989, 149.671, 19258.844 and 1348.119 kg/d, the proportion of MOS were 6.152%,5.570%,4.380% and 5.021%, respectively. The results also showed that agricultural non-point source pollution was the main pollution in the basin and its percent of maximum allowable emissions accounted about 90%. |
| Key words: Water ecology water quality target total maximum daily loads agricultural non-point source Lake Erhai |
