| 引用本文: | 任岩,张飞,王娟,张月,杨胜天,Abduwasit Ghulam,Kung Hsiangte.新疆艾比湖流域地表水丰水期和枯水期水质分异特征及污染源解析.湖泊科学,2017,29(5):1143-1157. DOI:10.18307/2017.0512 |
| REN Yan,ZHANG Fei,WANG Juan,ZHANG Yue,YANG Shengtian,ABDUWASIT Ghulam,KUNG Hsiangte.Spatio-temporal characteristics and source identification of surface water pollutants in Lake Ebinur Watershed,Xinjiang. J. Lake Sci.2017,29(5):1143-1157. DOI:10.18307/2017.0512 |
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| 新疆艾比湖流域地表水丰水期和枯水期水质分异特征及污染源解析 |
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任岩1,2,3, 张飞1,2,3, 王娟1,2,3, 张月1,2,3, 杨胜天1,4, Abduwasit Ghulam5, Kung Hsiangte6
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1.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046;2.新疆大学绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046;3.新疆智慧城市与环境建模普通高校重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046;4.北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院, 北京 100875;5.美国圣路易斯大学可持续发展中心, 圣路易斯 63108;6.美国孟菲斯大学地球科学系, 孟菲斯 38152
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| 摘要: |
| 采用2015年艾比湖流域54个采样点的10个地表水水质指标数据，首先利用水质指数模型（WQI）和地统计学方法对流域水质污染情况进行全局评价，然后利用层次聚类法、判别分析法和因子分析法分析艾比湖流域地表水丰水期和枯水期水质分异特征.在水质时空分异特征研究的基础上，利用主成分回归分析法对艾比湖流域水质进行污染源解析.结果表明：艾比湖流域丰水期WQI值介于38~70之间，枯水期WQI值介于31~71之间，艾比湖流域丰水期的地表水水质污染情况比枯水期严重，而艾比湖、博尔塔拉河和精河靠近艾比湖湖区的河道污染程度均比其他河道严重.由聚类分析和判别分析得出艾比湖流域丰水期和枯水期的水质采样点在空间上均被分成A、B两组，A组包括艾比湖湖区西部、奎屯河、古尔图河和四棵树河，B组包括艾比湖湖区东部、精河和博尔塔拉河.艾比湖流域丰水期和枯水期的水体主要受到化学需氧量、溶解氧、氨氮和悬浮物浓度等指标的影响，B组水质污染指标的值相比于A组的值偏高，B组区域内存在高污染企业，艾比湖流域水环境治理工作需主要集中在B组所包括的艾比湖湖区、博尔塔拉河和精河.④艾比湖湖区、精河和博尔塔拉河地表水体的污染主要来自于有机物污染和营养物质污染，其次为工矿业污染；而奎屯河、古尔图河、四棵树河地表水体的污染主要来自于有机物污染，其次为营养物质污染，生物污染的影响较为微弱.该研究结果可为艾比湖流域地表水水环境改善和治理提供一定参考. |
| 关键词: 艾比湖流域 多元统计方法 水质指数 时空分布 污染源解析 |
| DOI：10.18307/2017.0512 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41361045）和国家自然科学基金-新疆联合基金项目（U1503302）联合资助. |
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| Spatio-temporal characteristics and source identification of surface water pollutants in Lake Ebinur Watershed,Xinjiang |
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REN Yan1,2,3, ZHANG Fei1,2,3, WANG Juan1,2,3, ZHANG Yue1,2,3, YANG Shengtian1,4, ABDUWASIT Ghulam5, KUNG Hsiangte6
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1.College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P. R. China;2.Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P. R. China;3.Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Wisdom City and Environment Modeling, Urumqi 830046, P. R. China;4.College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China;5.Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis 63108, USA;6.Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis 38152, USA
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| Abstract: |
| Spatio-temporal characteristics and source identification of water pollutants are important for the management and protec-tion of water resources.In this study,water-quality index (WQI) modeling,hierarchical cluster analysis,discriminant analysis,factor analysis and principle analysis of multiply linear regression (APCS-MLR) were used to analyze the water quality data sets from river network during 2015,including 10 parameters monitored at 54 different sites in Lake Ebinur Watershed of Xinjiang.U-sing GIS to study the spatio-temporal characteristics and source identification of surface water pollutants were the major goals of this study.The results showed that:The value of WQI varies between 38 and 70 during wet season when the water levels were high,while the value was between 31 and 71 during dry season.The Lake Ebinur water quality deterioration was more significant during wet season,and the water pollution status at Lake Ebinur,Bortala River and Jinghe River near Lake Ebinur were more serious than other tributaries.By cluster analysis and discriminant analysis,the basin could be divided into two groups.The group A included the eastern area of Lake Ebinur,Kuitun River,Guertu River and Sikeshu River.The group B included the western area of Lake Ebinur,Jinghe River and Bortala River.Water quality at the B group of Lake Ebinur Watershed was mainly influenced by chemical oxygen demand,dissolved oxygen,ammonia nitrogen and suspended solids concentrations during the dry season,more serious than the group A because there are some high polluting enterprises at the group B region,while the water environment governance mainly cancentrated in the B region.In Lake Ebinur,Jinghe River and Bortala River,water pollutants mainly came from organic and nutri-ent pollution,followed by mining and industrial pollution.In Kuitun River,Guertu Rive and Sikeshu River,surface water pollu-tants mainly came from organic and biological pollution,followed by nutrient pollution,while biological pollution effects were rela-tively weak.Results of the water quality study would provide valuable and useful information for the future management of water re-sources in Lake Ebinur. |
| Key words: Lake Ebinur Watershed multivariate statistical methods water quality index spatio-temporal distribution source i-dentification |
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