| 引用本文: | 骆成凤,许长军,曹银璇,童李霞.1974-2016年青海湖水面面积变化遥感监测.湖泊科学,2017,29(5):1245-1253. DOI:10.18307/2017.0523 |
| LUO Chengfeng,XU Changjun,CAO Yinxuan,TONG Lixia.Monitoring of water surface area in Lake Qinghai from 1974 to 2016. J. Lake Sci.2017,29(5):1245-1253. DOI:10.18307/2017.0523 |
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| 摘要: |
| 位于青藏高原东北部的青海湖是我国最大的咸水湖和内陆湖，也是青藏高原东北部的重要水汽源，青海湖面积的动态变化是气候和周围生态环境状况的重要体现.本研究利用长时间序列中分辨率遥感影像数据，通过人工提取湖岸水涯线信息对青海湖水面面积进行监测.结果显示：1974-2016年期间，青海湖面积总体上呈先减后增的变化趋势.2004年水面积最小，为4223.73 km2，比1974年减少253.80 km2.其中1974-1987年期间面积骤减；2000 2009年期间青海湖水面面积变化幅度相对较小，平均变化幅度为6.85 km2.2009-2016年7 a间，水面面积增加了128.27 km2.2012年青海湖面积骤增，比2011年8月同期增加65.12 km2；同年6月和9月的面积变化为2002-2016年最大，达到59.18 km2.湖东岸沙岛的湖岸线变化最为显著，1974-2004年岸线后退最大距离达4.59 km，2012年的年内最大变化距离为0.39 km.青海湖流域内降水补给增加，生态环境治理措施促使入湖河流径流量增大，是近年来湖水面积增加的主要原因. |
| 关键词: 青海湖 水面面积 遥感监测 |
| DOI：10.18307/2017.0523 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国测绘科学研究院基本科研业务项目（7771512）资助. |
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| Monitoring of water surface area in Lake Qinghai from 1974 to 2016 |
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LUO Chengfeng1, XU Changjun2, CAO Yinxuan1, TONG Lixia1
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1.Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, P. R. China;2.Geomatics Technology and Application Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Lake Qinghai,the biggest inland lake and biggest saltwater lake in China,lies in the north-eastern part of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.The lake is also an important vapour source for the special region.The dynamic variation of its water surface is a re-sponse of climate and environment around.In this study the long-time variation of Lake Qinghai was explored from time and space perspectives,based on the shoreline information which was extracted manually with moderate-high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery.The results showed that,as a whole the Lake Qinghai's area decreased from 1974 to 2004 and then increased till 2016.In 2004 the area was smallest,4223.73 km2,smaller by 253.80 km2 than that in 1974.From 1974 to 1987 the water surface shrank sharply.While the variation range was relatively modest with mean value of 6.85 km2 during the period from 2000 to 2009.During the last 7 years,the water surface increased by 128.27 km2.In 2012,there was a sharp expansion with 65.12 km2 larger than pre-vious year;moreover the annual variation reached maximum,59.18 km2.The shoreline of Sand island,which lies in the east coast,varied significantly during the past few decades.From 1974 to 2004 the maximum back distance from the coastline was 4.59 km,and the value of annual variation was 0.39 km in 2012.The increase of precipitation in Lake Qinghai region,and the enlarging inflow runoff,which benefited directly from local ecological environment control measures implemented by government,are two im-portant reasons to make the lake expanding in the last two decades. |
| Key words: Lake Qinghai water surface area remote sensing monitoring |
