| 引用本文: | 郑婷,曹艳敏,彭佳,陈旭.亚高山湿地摇蚊亚化石记录的近两百年来环境演化——以重庆葱坪湿地为例.湖泊科学,2019,31(4):1182-1190. DOI:10.18307/2019.0413 |
| ZHENG Ting,CAO Yanmin,PENG Jia,CHEN Xu.Subfossil chironomid-inferred environmental changes in subalpine wetland over the past 200 years-A case of Congping Wetland in Chongqing. J. Lake Sci.2019,31(4):1182-1190. DOI:10.18307/2019.0413 |
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| 摘要: |
| 偏远的亚高山湿地受人为活动直接干扰较小，是追踪气候变化和大气沉降双重影响下湿地生态系统演化的理想研究地.本研究以位于巫山的葱坪湿地为研究对象，基于一根50 cm沉积岩芯的210Pb和137Cs测年、摇蚊亚化石和元素序列，探讨该湿地近200年来环境演化历史.结果表明，摇蚊种群由1910年之前的Chironomus anthracinus-type、Limnophyes sp.、Cladotanytarsus mancus-type 1变为1910-1925年的C.mancus-type 1、C.anthracinus-type、Procladius sp.和Endochironomus impar-type的优势组合，这些优势种均指示浅水环境.此后，耐营养种E.impar-type、Polypedilum nubeculosum-type和C.anthracinus-type逐渐成为优势种.冗余分析表明，总磷、总碳和钙是解释摇蚊组合变化的显著环境因子.20世纪30年代以前摇蚊种群可能与进入湿地的径流量小、水位较低相关，而20世纪中叶以来摇蚊组合变化指示大气沉降增长背景下湿地营养富集过程.在大气沉降和气候变化的双重影响下，耐营养属种增加和生物多样性降低表明葱坪湿地生态环境正发生退化. |
| 关键词: 摇蚊亚化石 元素 大气沉降 亚高山湿地 环境演化 葱坪湿地 |
| DOI：10.18307/2019.0413 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41877428，41572343，41402307）和湖北省自然科学基金项目（2017CFB532）联合资助. |
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| Subfossil chironomid-inferred environmental changes in subalpine wetland over the past 200 years-A case of Congping Wetland in Chongqing |
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ZHENG Ting1, CAO Yanmin2, PENG Jia1, CHEN Xu1
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1.Department of Geography, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, P. R. China;2.College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Remote subalpine wetlands are subjected to limited human direct disturbances, and hence they are ideal sites for tracking the combined effects of climate change and atmospheric deposition on wetland ecosystem evolution. This study investigated environmental changes in Congping Wetland located in the Wushan Mountains during the past 200 years, based on the 210Pb and 137Cs chronology, subfossil chironomids and element contents of a 50 cm long sediment core collected from the wetland. The results revealed that chironomid communities were dominated by Chironomus anthracinus-type, Limnophyes sp. and Cladotanytarsus mancus-type 1 before 1910, and then they were characterized by the co-dominance of C. mancus-type 1, C. anthracinus-type, Procladius sp. and Endochironomus impar-type between 1910 and 1925. All the dominant species mentioned above are adapted to shallow water environment. Thereafter, nutrient-tolerant species, including E. impar-type, Polypedilum nubeculosum-type and C. anthracinus-type became the dominant taxa. Redundancy analyses indicated that total phosphorus, total carbon and Ca were significant environmental variables explaining variance in chironomid data. Chironomid communities before the 1930s might be linked to low runoff input and shallow water table in this wetland, while changes in the communities after the mid-20th century mirrored nutrient enrichment due to intensified atmospheric deposition. Under the combined effect of atmospheric deposition and climate change, the increase of nutrient-tolerant species and biodiversity loss indicate that Congping Wetland is facing with ecological environment degradation. |
| Key words: Subfossil chironomid elements atmospheric deposition subalpine wetland environmental change Congping Wetland |
