| 引用本文: | 杜宛璘,孙金辉,麦永湛,赖子尼,贾慧娟,葛大艳,王超.珠江下游浮游细菌群落结构的时空分布特征.湖泊科学,2020,32(2):380-394. DOI:10.18307/2020.0208 |
| DU Wanlin,SUN Jinhui,MAI Yongzhan,LAI Zini,JIA Huijuan,GE Dayan,WANG Chao.Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of bacterioplankton community structure in the downstream of Pearl River. J. Lake Sci.2020,32(2):380-394. DOI:10.18307/2020.0208 |
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| 珠江下游浮游细菌群落结构的时空分布特征 |
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杜宛璘1,2, 孙金辉2, 麦永湛1, 赖子尼1, 贾慧娟1,3, 葛大艳1,4, 王超1
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1.中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 广州 510380;2.天津农学院, 天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室, 天津 300384;3.上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;4.上海海洋大学生态与环境学院, 上海 201306
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| 摘要: |
| 浮游细菌群落对河流变化具有高度响应性，并可能影响河流生境的生物地球化学过程.因此，了解浮游细菌群落的时空特征，阐明其在河流生态系统中的生态功能具有重要科学意义.于2016年6月和12月对珠江下游浮游细菌群落结构的时空特征进行调查研究，并采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对样品组分进行分析.结果表明细菌群落主要由变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobia）和蓝细菌门（Cyanobacteria）组成.其中变形菌门相对丰度最高，主要包括β-变形菌纲（Betaproteobacteria）、α-变形菌纲（Alphaproteobacteria）和γ-变形菌纲（Gammaproteobacteria）.季节上，丰水期Shannon-Wiener和Chao 1多样性指数高于枯水期，其中芽孢杆菌纲（Bacilli）和黄杆菌纲（Flavobacteriia）差异显著；空间上，珠江下游可分为西江沿线、珠三角河网中部和广州市周边3个区域.采用RDA分析表明，水温（WT）、溶解氧（DO）、磷酸盐（PO43--P）、硅酸盐（SiO42--Si）、总磷（TP）和透明度（SD）是驱动细菌群落变化最显著的环境因子，可影响细菌的增殖代谢.其中WT和SD是影响季节差异的重要因素，将丰水期和枯水期区分开；而DO、化学需氧量（COD）和营养盐（PO43--P、SiO42--Si、TP）是影响空间差异的重要因素，将西江沿线、珠三角河网中部和广州市周边区分开.PICRUSt功能预测分析表明，转运体（Transporters）、ABC转运体（ABC transporters）、DNA修复和重组蛋白（DNA repair and recombination proteins）等是珠江下游浮游细菌群落所表达的主要功能，其中转运体和ABC转运体功能丰水期明显高于枯水期.研究结果可为珠江下游生态环境保护提供科学参考依据. |
| 关键词: 浮游细菌 珠江下游 高通量测序 时空分布 群落结构 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0208 |
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| 基金项目:广州市科技计划项目（201707010310）和中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目（2018SJ-ZH01， 2019XT07， 2019XT0701）联合资助. |
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| Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of bacterioplankton community structure in the downstream of Pearl River |
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DU Wanlin1,2, SUN Jinhui2, MAI Yongzhan1, LAI Zini1, JIA Huijuan1,3, GE Dayan1,4, WANG Chao1
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1.Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, P. R. China;2.Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China;3.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, P. R. China;4.Ecology and Environmental Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The bacterioplankton community is highly responsive to river changes and may affect the biogeochemical processes of river habitats. Consequently, understanding the temporal and spatial characteristics of bacterioplankton communities and revealing their ecological functions in river ecosystems have important scientific significance. In June and December 2016, the research team investigated the temporal and spatial characteristics of the bacterioplankton community structure in the downstream of Pearl River, and analyzed the sample components using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The dominant bacterial community included Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was the highest, and its main components included Betaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. The diversity index of Shannon-Wiener and Chao 1 in the wet season was higher than in the dry season, and the difference between Bacilli and Flavobacteriia was significant. The downstream of Pearl River can be divided into the Xijiang River, the middle of Pearl River Delta and the surrounding areas of Guangzhou. RDA analysis showed that water temperature(WT), dissolved oxygen(DO), phosphate(PO43--P), silicate(SiO42--Si), total phosphorus(TP) and transparency(SD)were the most significant environmental factors driving the change in bacterial community, and may have affected the increment metabolism of bacteria. Water temperature and transparency are important factors affecting seasonal differences. The differences between wet and dry seasons; DO; chemical oxygen demand(COD); and nutrients(PO43--P, SiO42--Si, TP)were important factors affecting spatial differences; these distinguished the mainstream of the Xijiang River, the middle of Pearl River Delta and the surrounding areas of Guangzhou. PICRUSt functional predictive analysis showed that Transporters, ABC transporters, DNA repair and recombination proteins were the main functions expressed by the bacterioplankton community in the downstream of Pearl River. The ABC transporters and Transporters were significantly higher in the wet season than in the dry season. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the ecological environment protection in the downstream of Pearl River. |
| Key words: Bacterioplankton the downstream of Pearl River high-throughput sequencing temporal and spatial characteristics community structure |
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