| 引用本文: | 刘玉环,李致家,刘志雨,黄鹏年.半湿润半干旱流域空间组合模型研究.湖泊科学,2020,32(3):826-839. DOI:10.18307/2020.0322 |
| LIU Yuhuan,LI Zhijia,LIU Zhiyu,HUANG Pengnian.Spatial combination model for semi-humid and semi-arid watersheds. J. Lake Sci.2020,32(3):826-839. DOI:10.18307/2020.0322 |
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| 半湿润半干旱流域空间组合模型研究 |
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刘玉环1, 李致家1,2, 刘志雨1,3, 黄鹏年4
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1.河海大学水文水资源学院, 南京 210098;2.河海大学水安全与水科学协同创新中心, 南京 210098;3.水利部水文局, 北京 100053;4.南京信息工程大学水文水资源学院, 南京 210044
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| 摘要: |
| 在半湿润半干旱地区，下垫面条件复杂，产流机制混合多变，而现有的水文模型由于其固定的结构和模式，无法灵活地模拟不同下垫面特征的洪水过程.本文利用CN-地形指数法将流域划分为超渗主导子流域和蓄满主导子流域.将新安江模型（XAJ）、新安江-Green-Ampt模型（XAJG）和Green-Ampt模型（GA）相结合，在子流域分类的基础上构建空间组合模型（SCMs），并在半湿润的东湾流域和半干旱的志丹流域进行检验.结果表明：东湾流域的参数由水文模型来主导；而志丹流域的参数受主导径流影响很大.在东湾流域，偏蓄满的模型模拟结果优于偏超渗的模型，且SCM2模型（XAJ和XAJG的组合模型）的模拟效果最好（径流深合格率为75%，洪峰合格率75%）；而SCM5模型（GA和XAJG的组合模型）在以超渗产流为主的志丹流域模拟最好（径流深合格率53.3%，洪峰合格率53.3%）.在半干旱半湿润流域，SCMs模型结构灵活，在地形和土壤数据的驱动下，具有更合理的模型结构和参数，模拟精度较高，适应性较强. |
| 关键词: 半湿润半干旱流域 降雨-径流模型 子流域分类 空间组合模型 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0322 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1508101）、中央高校基本科研业务费专项（2016B04714）和国家自然科学基金项目（51679061）联合资助. |
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| Spatial combination model for semi-humid and semi-arid watersheds |
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LIU Yuhuan1, LI Zhijia1,2, LIU Zhiyu1,3, HUANG Pengnian4
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1.College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China;2.National Cooperative Innovation Center for Water Safety & Hydro-Science of Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China;3.Bureau of Hydrology, Ministry of Water Resources of China, Beijing 100053, P. R. China;4.School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Due to the spatial topographic heterogeneity in semi-humid and semi-arid regions, hydrological simulation is always a difficult problem as saturation-excess runoff and infiltration-excess runoff is coexisting during a storm. Most existing hydrological models cannot be customized to simulate flood processes of different areas because of their fixed structures and modes. This study developed a spatial combination model (SCMs) by combining the Xin'anjiang model (XAJ), Xin'anjiang-Green-Ampt model (XAJG) and Green-Ampt model (GA) for simulating runoff in the sub-watersheds where either saturation-excess or infiltration-excess runoff mechanism dominates. Curve number-topographic index method was used for dividing a watershed into infiltration-excess dominated and saturation-excess dominated sub-watersheds. The proposed models were tested for two selected watersheds:Dongwan watershed in semi-humid area and Zhidan watershed in semi-arid area. The results showed that the parameters of the Dongwan watershed are dominated by hydrological models, while the parameters of the Zhidan watershed are greatly influenced by the dominant runoff mechanism. The simulation results of the partial saturation-excess models are better than those of partial infiltration-excess models in Dongwan watershed. SCM2 model (combination model of XAJ and XAJG) simulated has the best performance (runoff depth error Re=75% and flood peak error Qe=75%), just as the SCM5 model (combination model of GA and XAJG) in Zhidan watershed (Re=53.3% and Qe =53.3%). In semi-arid and semi-humid watersheds, driven by topography and soil data, the SCMs have a more realistic model structure and parameterization with higher simulation accuracy and stability. |
| Key words: Semi-humid and semi-arid watersheds rainfall-runoff model sub-watershed classification spatial combination model |
