| 引用本文: | 杨水化,彭正洪,焦洪赞,许静,王永桂.城市富营养化湖泊的外源污染负荷与贡献解析——以武汉市后官湖为例.湖泊科学,2020,32(4):941-951. DOI:10.18307/2020.0404 |
| YANG Shuihua,PENG Zhenghong,JIAO Hongzan,XU Jing,WANG Yonggui.External pollution source load and contribution of urban eutrophic lakes—Taking Lake Houguanhu of Wuhan as an example. J. Lake Sci.2020,32(4):941-951. DOI:10.18307/2020.0404 |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究城市湖泊富营养化的污染负荷来源及其贡献率，选择长江流域中下游典型富营养化湖泊（武汉后官湖）为研究对象，结合实测法、平均浓度法与排污系数法，解析了后官湖的外部污染来源（包括点源和面源，面源又进一步划分为农村生活、农业种植、水产养殖、畜禽养殖和城市径流）.结果表明：化学需氧量（COD）主要来源于点源，入湖贡献为54%；总磷主要来源于面源，入湖贡献为71%.进一步筛选面源中污染物的主要来源发现，总磷主要来自农业种植和水产养殖，入湖贡献分别为41%和30%；面源中COD、氨氮和总氮贡献最大的是城市径流，入湖贡献率分别为61%、53%和37%.行政区污染排放贡献率中，COD、氨氮、总氮和总磷排放贡献率最大的分别为沌口街办（25.24%）、蔡甸街办（23.28%）、永丰街办（24.04%）和大集街办（26.15%）.开展沌口街办和永丰街办的点源治理可有效消减入湖COD与氨氮负荷，而大集街办的农业面源污染防治则是后官湖流域总磷治理的重点. |
| 关键词: 富营养化湖泊 污染源负荷 贡献率 污染防控 后官湖 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0404 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41807471）资助. |
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| External pollution source load and contribution of urban eutrophic lakes—Taking Lake Houguanhu of Wuhan as an example |
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YANG Shuihua1, PENG Zhenghong2, JIAO Hongzan2, XU Jing1, WANG Yonggui1
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1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China;2.School of Urban Design of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the pollution sources and contribution rate of urban eutrophication lakes, a typical eutrophic lake (Lake Houguanhu in Wuhan) in the Yangtze River Basin was selected for research. With the field-measurement method, the mean-concentration method and the pollution-discharge-coefficient method, the external pollutant sources (including point source and non-point source) of Lake Houguanhu was analyzed. Non-point sources (NPS) were further divided into several source types, such as the pollutants from the rural life, the agricultural planting, the aquaculture, the livestock, the poultry farming and the urban runoff. Results show that the COD in Lake Houguanhu is mainly from the point source with a contribution rate of 54%, total phosphorus is mainly from the non-point sources with a rate of 71%. Further exploring the main non-point sources, it is found that the total phosphorus is mainly from the agricultural planting and aquaculture, with the contribution rates of 41% and 30%, respectively. The largest contribution of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in NPS is urban runoff, with contribution rates of 61%, 53% and 37%, respectively. For administrative districts, the highest contribution rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus emissions are Zhuankou Street Office (25.24%), Caidian Street Office (23.28%), Yongfeng Street Office (24.04%) and Daji Street Office (26.15%). Results indicated that, with point source treatment of the Zhuankou Street and the Yongfeng Street, the COD and ammonia nitrogen loads can be effectively reduced. The agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control of Daji Street is the focus of total phosphorus management in Lake Houguanhu Basin. |
| Key words: Eutrophic lake pollution source loads contribution rates pollution prevention and control Lake Houguanhu |
