| 引用本文: | 江和龙,王昌辉,白雷雷,韩超,陈晓芳,王春柳.湖泊环境科学与工程技术研究进展探讨.湖泊科学,2020,32(5):1278-1296. DOI:10.18307/2020.0507 |
| JIANG Helong,WANG Changhui,BAI Leilei,HAN Chao,CHEN Xiaofang,WANG Chunliu.Advances and prospects in lake environment science and engineering: A review. J. Lake Sci.2020,32(5):1278-1296. DOI:10.18307/2020.0507 |
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| 摘要: |
| 湖泊环境与工程学科是近10~20年发展的、研究变化环境条件下湖泊水环境质量演变规律、互动机制、保护治理及和谐发展的一门交叉性的基础研究和应用研究学科.随着人类活动强度增加，我国湖泊面临富营养化、蓝藻水华暴发与引发次生灾害及持久性和新兴污染等多类型或叠加复合的严峻环境问题，迫切需要发展湖泊区域性的复合污染防控与治理技术体系，服务于国家生态文明建设.本文首先简单介绍对湖泊环境与工程学科概念及内涵的认识，然后较系统地阐述了国内外近10年来关于主要污染物在湖泊中环境行为的研究，针对性地分析了主要由蓝藻水华暴发引发的次生灾害“湖泛”的发生原因及防控策略，展示了以湖泊底泥为主的湖泊监测方法和技术研究进展，总结和归纳了从入湖污染控制到内源污染治理的湖泊污染防控技术研发成果，最后对湖泊环境与工程学科研究尺度向宏观与微观两极延伸及治理修复技术向生态/水利工程和智慧感知/大数据技术融合发展等方面进行了展望. |
| 关键词: 湖泊 环境 污染 治理 修复 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0507 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51839011，51679228，51861125201）和国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07204005）联合资助. |
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| Advances and prospects in lake environment science and engineering: A review |
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JIANG Helong, WANG Changhui, BAI Leilei, HAN Chao, CHEN Xiaofang, WANG Chunliu
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Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Lake environment and engineering is an interdisciplinary basic research and applied research discipline, which is developed in recent 10-20 years, and studies the evolution law, interactive mechanism, protection and governance and harmonious development of lake water environment quality under changing environmental conditions. With the increasing intensity of human activities, lakes in China are faced with severe environmental problems such as eutrophication, cyanobacteria blooms and secondary disasters, and persistent and emerging pollution. It is urgent to develop regional integrated pollution prevention and control technology system for lake environment protection, to serve the national ecological civilization construction. This paper at first briefly introduces the concept and connotation of Lake Environment and Engineering; systematically describes the research on environmental behavior and reduction of major pollutants in lakes in recent 10 years around the world; analyzes the causes and control strategies of secondary disaster “black water” mainly caused by cyanobacteria bloom, and then shows the lake monitoring methods mainly based on lake sediment; summarizes the technical research development about lake pollution prevention and control. Finally, the paper looks forward to the extension of the research scale of lake environment and engineering to macro and micro dimensions, and the integration of ecological / hydraulic engineering and smart perception / big data technology. |
| Key words: Lake environment pollution treatment remediation |
