| 引用本文: | 易雨君,林楚翘,唐彩红.1960s以来白洋淀水文、环境、生态演变趋势.湖泊科学,2020,32(5):1333-1347. DOI:10.18307/2020.0500 |
| YI Yujun,LIN Chuqiao,TANG Caihong.Hydrology, environment and ecological evolution of Lake Baiyangdian since 1960s. J. Lake Sci.2020,32(5):1333-1347. DOI:10.18307/2020.0500 |
|
| 摘要: |
| 白洋淀是我国华北平原最大的浅水湖泊湿地，享有“华北之肾”、“华北明珠”等美誉，对维持京津冀大城市群的区域生态系统平衡和保持生物多样性发挥着生态安全屏障作用.长期以来，高强度人类活动导致入淀水量锐减、水体污染严重、生物多样性减少、生态系统功能衰退，“明珠”失去了应有的光泽.结合历史文献资料和课题组长期在白洋淀的监测结果，本文系统地梳理了自1960s以来，白洋淀的水文、水环境和水生态演变历程，并分析了导致一系列演变发生的可能原因.随着区域经济的发展，人类活动增强，白洋淀区域水量、水环境以及生态质量自1960s以来逐渐退化.近20年来，随着一系列环境治理政策和生态补水工程的实施，白洋淀水质恶化趋势得到了一定的遏制.2017年，中共中央、国务院宣布设立雄安新区，其“以水定城”的理念突显白洋淀作为新区中心的重要性，白洋淀环境与生态治理工作任重而道远.本文的工作以期能为新时期白洋淀的环境生态治理提供依据和支持. |
| 关键词: 白洋淀 生态补水 雄安新区 生态修复 浅水湖泊 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0500 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目（51721093）、国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0404500）和国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金项目（51722901）联合资助. |
|
| Hydrology, environment and ecological evolution of Lake Baiyangdian since 1960s |
|
YI Yujun1,2, LIN Chuqiao1, TANG Caihong1
|
|
1.State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China;2.Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Water and Substrate Science, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
|
| Abstract: |
| Lake Baiyangdian is the largest shallow lake in the North China Plain. It enjoys the reputation of “the Kidney of North China” and “the pearl of North China”. It plays a role as an ecological security barrier to maintain the regional ecosystem balance and biodiversity of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area. For a long time, intensive human activities have led to a sharp decreasing in the amount of water into the Lake Baiyangdian, serious water pollution, and the decline of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Therefore, the “Pearl” has lost its luster. Combined with historical documents and the long-term monitoring results on this lake, this paper systematically reviews the evolution of hydrology, water quality and water ecology in the Lake Baiyangdian since 1960s, and analyzes the possible reasons for the evolution. With the development of regional economy and the enhancement of human activities, the water quantity, water environment and ecological quality in the Lake Baiyangdian have been gradually degraded since the 1960s. In the past 20 years, with the implementation of a series of environmental control policies and ecological water replenishment projects, the deterioration trend of Lake Baiyangdian water quality has been curbed to some extent. In 2017, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council announced the establishment of the Xiong'an New Area. Its concept of “setting the city by water” highlights the importance of the Lake Baiyangdian as the center of the new area, which has a long way to go in environmental and ecological management. This paper is expected to provide a basis and support for the environmental and ecological management of the Lake Baiyangdian in the new period. |
| Key words: Lake Baiyangdian ecological water replenishment Xiong'an New Area ecological restoration shallow lake |
