| 引用本文: | 贲鹏,虞邦义,张辉,胡勇.洪泽湖水沙变化趋势和冲淤时空分布及驱动因素.湖泊科学,2021,33(1):289-298. DOI:10.18307/2021.0121 |
| Ben Peng,Yu Bangyi,Zhang Hui,Hu Yong.Spatiotemporal runoff and sediment variation, deposition-erosion characteristics and their driving factors in Lake Hongze. J. Lake Sci.2021,33(1):289-298. DOI:10.18307/2021.0121 |
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| 洪泽湖水沙变化趋势和冲淤时空分布及驱动因素 |
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贲鹏1,2, 虞邦义1,2, 张辉1,2, 胡勇1,2
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1.安徽省(水利部淮河水利委员会)水利科学研究院, 蚌埠 233000;2.水利水资源安徽省重点实验室, 蚌埠 233000
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| 摘要: |
| 为了研究洪泽湖水沙特性、变化趋势与冲淤时空分布规律，运用累积距平法、Mann-Kendall趋势与突变检验以及R/S分析法等方法，分析了洪泽湖1950—2016年的水沙特征；采用地理信息技术，基于1992年和2016年实测地形，对湖区泥沙冲淤空间分布进行了定量计算与分析.结果表明，入湖径流量无明显增加或减少的趋势，输沙量和含沙量呈明显减小趋势，1990年以后含沙量基本稳定在0.2 kg/m3以下；淮河干流（包括池河）入湖水量和沙量约占入湖总量的89.6%，三河闸出湖水沙占总出湖量的60%.淮干入湖口和溧河洼为主要淤积区域，淤积量分别为2300×104和1900×104 m3，平均淤积厚度分别为0.35和0.25 m；其他区域自然冲淤基本平衡.上游水库和河道闸坝的拦沙作用、农业种植结构变化和水土保持、大规模人工采砂等是入湖沙量减少的主要影响因素；湖区水动力特性是泥沙自然淤积主导因素，而湖区库容变化的主因则是人工采砂、围湖造田和围网养殖，且人类活动的影响远大于自然冲淤. |
| 关键词: 洪泽湖 水沙变化 湖盆演变 冲淤分布 驱动因素 |
| DOI：10.18307/2021.0121 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0405602）和国家自然科学基金项目（51809002）联合资助. |
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| Spatiotemporal runoff and sediment variation, deposition-erosion characteristics and their driving factors in Lake Hongze |
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Ben Peng1,2, Yu Bangyi1,2, Zhang Hui1,2, Hu Yong1,2
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1.Anhui&Huaihe River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Bengbu 233000, P. R. China;2.Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy and Water Resources of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to study the water and sediment variation trend, changes in sediment deposition and erosion and spatial distribution of Lake Hongze, the methods of cumulative anomaly, Mann-Kendall trend and mutation test, and R/S analysis were used to analyze the water and sediment characteristics of Lake Hongze from 1950 to 2016. Using geographic information technology, based on the terrain of the lake area in 1992 and 2016, the spatial distribution of sediment erosion and siltation was quantitatively calculated and analyzed. The results show that, on the premise of no increasing or decreasing of the flow rate, the sediment transport and concentration show an obvious decreasing trend. After 1990, the sediment concentration has stabilized below 0.2 kg/m3; The amount of water and sediment flowing into the mainstream of the Huaihe River (including the Chihe River) accounts for about 89.6% of the total amount of water flowing into the lake, and the outflow of Sanhe Sluice accounts for 60% of the total outflow. The main sedimentary areas of the Lake Huaihe inlet and Lihewa are the sedimentation volumes of 2300×104 and 1900×104 m3, and the average sedimentation thickness is 0.35 and 0.25 m, respectively; Basic balance of natural erosion and deposition in other areas. The effects of the upstream reservoir sediment blocking, agricultural planting changing underlying surface, and artificial sand mining are the key reasons for the continuous decline of sediment concentration entering the lake. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the lake area are the dominant factors for the natural sedimentation of the sediment, while the main reasons for the change in the storage capacity of the lake area are artificial sand mining, lake farming, and seine culture, and the impact of human activities is far greater than that of natural erosion and deposition. |
| Key words: Lake Hongze water and sediment variation trend lake basin evolution erosion and deposition distribution driving factors |
