| 引用本文: | 董一凡,郑文秀,张晨雪,徐敏,王荣,吴兴华,李媛.中国湖泊生态系统突变时空差异.湖泊科学,2021,33(4):992-1003. DOI:10.18307/2021.0403 |
| Dong Yifan,Zheng Wenxiu,Zhang Chenxue,Xu Min,Wang Rong,Wu Xinghua,Li Yuan.Temporal and spatial differences of lake ecosystem regime shift in China. J. Lake Sci.2021,33(4):992-1003. DOI:10.18307/2021.0403 |
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| 中国湖泊生态系统突变时空差异 |
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董一凡1,2, 郑文秀1,2, 张晨雪1,3, 徐敏1, 王荣1,4, 吴兴华5, 李媛5
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1.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 南京 210008;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3.安徽师范大学, 芜湖 241002;4.中国科学院抚仙湖高原深水湖泊研究站, 玉溪 530422;5.中国长江三峡集团有限公司, 北京 100038
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| 摘要: |
| 人类活动的加强导致湖泊生态系统发生“突变”，造成生物多样性下降、藻类暴发、水质恶化等等环境和生态问题.中国许多湖泊已经发生“突变”或面临着突变风险.获悉湖泊生态系统发生突变的时空差异对于区域湖泊的保护，预防湖泊突变的发生以及制定合适的修复策略至关重要.本研究收集了中国55个不同区域湖泊的古湖沼学数据，探讨了湖泊突变的区域特点.研究确定了湖泊生态系统发生突变时间和区域差异，并揭示了空间差异的原因.结果表明，中国湖泊生态系统突变时间的区域分异特征为：长江中下游湖泊最早出现突变；东部和东北湖区湖泊突变时间明显早于西南、内蒙古和新疆湖泊；各湖区内，城郊湖泊突变时间早于乡村湖泊.人类活动强度是造成湖泊突变时空差异的主要驱动力.研究认为，区域人类活动强度影响了湖泊生态系统的演化进程，造成了中国湖泊生态系统突变的区域差异.本研究从生态系统突变的角度，利用古湖沼学综述了中国湖泊生态系统在人类活动下的演化进程，更深刻地认识了中国湖泊现状，为湖泊保护提供了有力的科学依据. |
| 关键词: 中国湖泊 湖泊生态系统 系统突变 人类活动 区域差异 |
| DOI：10.18307/2021.0403 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点基础研发计划（2017YFA0605203）、中国科学院青年创新促进会项目（2017364）和中国长江三峡集团有限公司项目（201903144）联合资助. |
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| Temporal and spatial differences of lake ecosystem regime shift in China |
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Dong Yifan1,2, Zheng Wenxiu1,2, Zhang Chenxue1,3, Xu Min1, Wang Rong1,4, Wu Xinghua5, Li Yuan5
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1.Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;3.Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China;4.Fuxian Lake Research Station of Plateau-Deep Lake, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuxi 530422, P. R. China;5.China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Increased human activity has caused a regime shift in lake ecosystem, which causes environmental and ecological problems such as biodiversity decline, algae blooms and deterioration of water quality. Many Chinese lakes have undergone regime shift or are facing the risk of abrupt change. It is essential to know the temporal and spatial differences of regime shift for the protecting lake ecosystem, preventing regime shift and formulating appropriate restoration strategies. This study collected paleolimnology data of 55 lakes in different regions of China and discussed the regional characteristics of lake mutations. The study determined the temporal and spatial differences of regime shift in lake ecosystem and revealed the reasons for the spatial differences. Our study found that the regime shift time of Chinese lakes has the characteristics of regional differentiation: regime shift time of lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is much earlier than that of the whole country. Regime shift happens earlier in the east and northeast lake areas than in the southwest, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang lakes. In various lake region, regime shift happens earlier in the suburban lakes than in rural lakes. The intensity of human activities is the main driving force for the temporal and spatial differences of regime shift. Lakes with slower warming but stronger human activities are more likely to undergo regime shift. Our result suggests that the intensity of regional human activities has affected the evolution progress of lake ecosystems and caused regional differences of the regime shift in Chinese lakes. From the perspective of abrupt change in ecosystem, this study uses paleolimnology data to summarize the evolution of Chinese lake ecosystems under human activities, achieves a deeper understanding of the current situation of Chinese lakes, and provides a strong scientific basis for lake protection. |
| Key words: Chinese lakes lake ecosystems regime shift human activities regional differences |
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