| 摘要: |
| 淡水双壳类动物是淡水生态系统的重要组成部分，承担着物质循环、能量流动的作用.在2017-2020年期间，对长江流域安徽区域13个水系131个断面及样点进行淡水双壳类调查，共记录到淡水双壳类动物5科17属39种，包括安徽省新纪录物种龙骨蛏蚌（Solenaia carinata），中国特有种24种，国家二级重点保护野生动物6种.基于物种出现率和Berger-Parker优势度指数，研究区域内现阶段优势种为背角无齿蚌（Sinanodonta woodiana woodiana）、圆顶珠蚌（Nodularia douglasiae）、洞穴丽蚌（Lamprotula caveata）、河蚬（Corbicula fluminea）、褶纹冠蚌（Cristaria plicata），稀有种分别为绢丝尖丽蚌（Aculamprotula fibrosa）、多瘤尖丽蚌（Aculamprotula polysticta）、刻裂尖丽蚌（Aculamprotula scripta）、天津尖丽蚌（Aculamprotula tientsinensis）、失衡尖丽蚌（Aculamprotula tortuosa）、巨首楔蚌（Cuneopsis captiata）、翼鳞皮蚌（Lepidodesma aligera）、棘裂脊蚌（Schistodesmus spinosus）、河无齿蚌（Anemina fluminea）、三巨瘤丽蚌（Lamprotula triclava）、楔形丽蚌（Lamprotula bazini）、龙骨蛏蚌、中国淡水蛏（Novaculina chinensis），其中三巨瘤丽蚌、楔形丽蚌、刻裂尖丽蚌在该区域处于极度濒危状态.在13个水系中，水阳江水系、青弋江水系、皖河水系中的双壳类物种丰富度较高，且具有多种濒危物种，亟待加强保护. |
| 关键词: 长江流域 安徽 淡水双壳类 多样性 |
| DOI：10.18307/2021.0518 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:巢湖水污染治理与富营养化综合控制技术及工程示范项目（2012ZX07103-002）资助. |
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| The species diversity and distribution of freshwater bivalves in the Anhui section of the Yangtze River Basin* |
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Yu Qingqing1,2, Sun Qingye1,2
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1.School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China;2.Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Freshwater bivalves are an important part of the freshwater ecosystem and responsible for material circulation and energy flow. During 2017-2020, a freshwater bivalve survey was conducted on 131 sections and sampling sites in 13 water systems in the Anhui section of the Yangtze River Basin. A total of 39 species of freshwater bivalves were recorded, belonging to 17 genera and 5 families, including Solenaia carinata,a newly recorded species in Anhui Province. And there were 24 species endemic to China and 6 species of Class Ⅱ National Protected Wildlife of China. Based on the frequency of occurrence of species and the Berger-Parker dominance index, the dominant species in the study area at this stage were Sinanodonta woodiana woodiana, Nodularia douglasiae, Lamprotula caveata, Corbicula fluminea and Cristaria plicata, and there were 13 rare species being critically endangered in this area, namely Aculamprotula fibrosa, Aculamprotula polysticta, Aculamprotula scripta, Aculamprotula tientsinensis, Aculamprotula tortuosa, Cuneopsis captiata, Lepidodesma aligera, Schistodesmus spinosus, Anemina fluminea, Lamprotula triclava, Lamprotula bazinis, Solenaia carinata and Novaculina chinensis, and three of these, Lamprotula triclava, Lamprotula bazinis and Aculamprotula scripta,were critically endangered in this area. Among the 13 water systems, the Shuiyang River, Qingyi River, and Wanhe River systems were rich in species of bivalves and had a variety of endangered species, which urgently need to be protected. |
| Key words: Yangtze River Basin Anhui freshwater bivalves diversity |
