| 引用本文: | 许秀丽,李云良,高博,张永波.黄河中游汾河入黄口湿地水源组成与地表-地下水转化关系.湖泊科学,2022,34(1):247-261. DOI:10.18307/2022.0120 |
| Xu Xiuli,Li Yunliang,Gao Bo,Zhang Yongbo.Composition of water sources and transformation relationship between surface water and groundwater in the Fenhe River estuarine wetland of the middle Yellow River. J. Lake Sci.2022,34(1):247-261. DOI:10.18307/2022.0120 |
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| 摘要: |
| 水源动态补给和转化是影响湿地水文过程及其生态效应的重要机制，在黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的战略背景下，开展沿黄湿地多水源组成分析及转化关系研究，是揭示干旱半干旱区水量转化及湿地生态系统演变机制的关键.本文根据山西省汾河入黄口湿地的水文节律变化特征，选择2019年旱季（5月）、主汛期（7月）和汛末（9月）作为典型时期，分析了降雨、土壤水、地下水与河水氢氧同位素组成，研究了湿地水分的补给来源，并结合端元混合模型揭示了不同时期地表水与地下水的转化关系.结果发现，不同水体18O和D组成存在明显差异，均值总体表现为降雨 > 土壤水 > 汾河水 > 汾河流域地下水 > 黄河水的变化特征，表明黄河和流域地下水的侧向排泄对汾河下游径流和河口湿地水源补给具有重要贡献作用.进一步研究得出，旱季湿地地下水在近岸带主要受汾河水补给影响，随着远离汾河水体，主要受流域浅层地下水补给，并向黄河水转化，主汛期和汛末期，黄河水又侧向补给湿地地下水，并向汾河水转化，而湿地土壤水主要受降雨入渗和毛细上升水的影响.入黄口湿地的地表水-地下水存在季节变化的作用关系，旱季主要为汾河流域浅层地下水侧向补给汾河，补给贡献约为72%，然而主汛期，由于黄河倒灌补给导致汾河水位抬高，进而渗漏补给流域浅层地下水，补给比例约为69%，至于汛末期，黄河和流域地下水均向汾河排泄.本文研究结果对促进黄河流域生态保护和自然湿地生态建设具有重要的意义，可强化对河口湿地水资源组成和演变机制的深入理解. |
| 关键词: 地下水 汾河 黄河 水源补给 转化关系 氢氧同位素 |
| DOI：10.18307/2022.0120 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFC0409002）、山西省应用基础研究项目（201801D221052）、国家自然科学基金项目（42071036，41771037）、河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金项目（2020491311）和中国科学院青年创新促进会项目（Y9CJH01001）联合资助. |
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| Composition of water sources and transformation relationship between surface water and groundwater in the Fenhe River estuarine wetland of the middle Yellow River |
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Xu Xiuli1, Li Yunliang2,3, Gao Bo1, Zhang Yongbo1
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1.College of Water Resources Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P. R. China;2.Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China;3.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Water supply and the conversion relationship among different water sources play an important role in affecting wetland hydrological processes and the associated ecological functions. Under the guidance of the national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River, exploring the conversion relationship among rainfall, surface water, and groundwater in the estuarine wetland of the Yellow River Basin is the key to reveal the mechanism of regional wetland system evolution and the water conversion processes in the arid and semi-arid area. In this study, we aim to investigate the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of rainfall, river water, groundwater, soil water in the Fenhe River estuarine wetland (the Yellow River) in May, July, and September during 2019. To achieve these objectives, the water sources composition of wetland in different hydrological periods was analyzed. In addition, the transformation relationship among rainfall, surface water, and groundwater was quantified using a mixed source model. The results show that the isotope composition of various water sources is distinctly different. The mean values of δD and δ18O for different water sources are in the order of rainfall, soil water, Fenhe River water, watershed groundwater, and the Yellow River water, demonstrating that the discharge of the Yellow River water and the watershed groundwater plays a prominent role in maintaining the downstream runoffs of Fenhe River and the wetland water sources. During the drought season, the wetland groundwater in the riparian zone is mainly supplied by Fenhe River. Because of the increased distance to Fenhe River, the wetland is mainly recharged by the shallow groundwater from the Fenhe River basin, and then discharges to the Yellow River. While the Yellow River water transformed to the wetland groundwater in high water level season. The wetland soil water is mainly recharged by the local rainfall and the wetland groundwater. The transformation relationship among rainfall, river water, and groundwater varies between different seasons. During the drought season, the shallow groundwater in Fenhe River basin discharges into the Fenhe River, with a contribution proportion of 78%. During the flood period, the Yellow River acts to restrict discharge from the Fenhe River, and the flow reversals occur as the Yellow River's strong blocking effect. Consequently, the watershed shallow groundwater is generally replenished by the Fenhe River water at high water level stage, and the proportions can reach up to approximately 69%. However, the Yellow River water, wetland groundwater, and the shallow watershed groundwater discharge to the surrounding Fenhe River channel during the falling water period. The outcomes of this paper are of great significance for national ecological conservation of the Yellow River Basin and the restoration of natural wetland, contributing to further understanding water resources composition and evolution mechanism in other similar estuarine wetlands. |
| Key words: Groundwater Fenhe River Yellow River water sources transformation relationship hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope |
