| 引用本文: | 文刚,王硕,曹瑞华,温成成,杨勐,黄廷林.湖库温跃层溶解氧最小值的形成原因、衍生的生态风险及控制研究进展.湖泊科学,2022,34(3):711-726. DOI:10.18307/2022.0301 |
| Wen Gang,Wang Shuo,Cao Ruihua,Wen Chengcheng,Yang Meng,Huang Tinglin.A review of the formation causes, ecological risks and water quality responses of metalimnetic oxygen minimum in lakes and reservoirs. J. Lake Sci.2022,34(3):711-726. DOI:10.18307/2022.0301 |
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| 湖库温跃层溶解氧最小值的形成原因、衍生的生态风险及控制研究进展 |
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文刚1,2, 王硕1,2, 曹瑞华1,2, 温成成1,2, 杨勐1,2, 黄廷林1,2
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1.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055;2.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055
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| 摘要: |
| 溶解氧（DO）对湖库的生物地球化学循环、生态系统结构和功能起着至关重要的作用，也是评价水生态系统的敏感性指标.DO浓度的降低对水生态有着重要影响.结果显示，多数湖库在夏秋季热分层期间，由于温跃层较高的密度梯度、藻类衰亡和有机质的降解以及微生物的呼吸作用会消耗大量的DO，从而形成温跃层溶解氧最小值（MOM），甚至在该区域诱发厌氧状态.MOM可驱动浮游动物日夜垂向迁移，影响无脊椎动物和鱼类分布迁移模式及种群结构，破坏水体生态分布，致使生物非正常死亡，危害水体生态安全；此外，MOM也可诱发温跃层温室气体（CH4和CO2）大量形成，影响水源地水质，成为湖库生态安全隐患.目前对MOM所导致的生态风险和水质问题以及最终的控制方法已有较多研究成果，但缺乏综述性的研究.本文从MOM研究历史、研究方法、形成原因、生态风险及控制方法等方面进行论述，并展望今后研究热点，旨在推进MOM的相关研究进展，保障湖库生态平衡和供水水质安全. |
| 关键词: 湖泊水库|热分层|温跃层溶解氧最小值|形成原因|生态风险|控制方法 |
| DOI：10.18307/2022.0301 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51978557）和陕西省重点研发计划创新链项目（2019ZDLSF06-03，2020ZDLSF06-05）联合资助. |
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| A review of the formation causes, ecological risks and water quality responses of metalimnetic oxygen minimum in lakes and reservoirs |
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Wen Gang1,2, Wang Shuo1,2, Cao Ruihua1,2, Wen Chengcheng1,2, Yang Meng1,2, Huang Tinglin1,2
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1.Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, P. R. China;2.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Dissolved oxygen (DO) plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle, the evolution of ecosystem structure and function. It is also a sensitive indicator of physical and biogeochemical changes in aquatic ecosystems. Previous studies suggested that most of the water source reservoirs or lakes could form a metalimnetic oxygen minimum (MOM) during the thermal stratification period in summer and autumn. Furthermore, an anoxic and anaerobic conditions can be induced in this region. High density gradient of metalimnion, the aggressive consumption of DO by the degradation of algae and organic matters, and the respiration of microorganisms are considered as the main contributors. MOM restricts the diurnal and nocturnal migration patterns of zooplanktons, disturbs the vertical distribution of invertebrates and fish in the reservoirs. The existence of MOM will destroy the ecological distribution of water bodies and lead to the abnormal death of organisms. In addition, MOM will significantly change the dynamics of greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2) in water and affect the quality of water supply as well. Recently, series of studies about MOM have been published, but no comprehensive review is reported. In this paper, MOM is comprehensively discussed from five aspects, including the research history, causes, ecological risks, water quality responses and control measures. The future research directions and fields are also discussed in order to promote the relevant research of MOM, to ensure the ecological balance of lakes and reservoirs and the water quality of water supply. |
| Key words: Lakes and reservoirs|thermal stratification|metalimnetic oxygen minimum|causes|ecological risk|control measures |
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