| 引用本文: | 侯豪,朱伟,许小格,薛宗璞,程林.太湖底泥垂向构成类型及底泥-水界面组成物质.湖泊科学,2022,34(3):804-815. DOI:10.18307/2022.0302 |
| Hou Hao,Zhu Wei,Xu Xiaoge,Xue Zongpu,Cheng Lin.Investigation on vertical composition type of the sediment and the composition of the sediment-water interface in Lake Taihu. J. Lake Sci.2022,34(3):804-815. DOI:10.18307/2022.0302 |
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| 摘要: |
| 针对太湖中底泥-水界面上物质的状态、性质及其对水质的影响问题，本文通过对太湖8个湖区39个采样点的现场调查取样和实验室检测，分析太湖底泥状态和垂向上的构成、不同区域底泥-水界面物质的差异及底泥与磷释放和湖泛之间的关系.结果表明：太湖底泥-水界面上存在3种物质：粉质硬黏土、淤泥质粉土和悬浊水层.粉质硬黏土（硬底板）是太湖形成前的沉积物，全湖普遍存在，并于湖心区等部位直接裸露；淤泥质粉土是太湖湖相历史形成的沉积物，覆盖了约68%的湖底面积而直接与水接触；悬浊水层在近些年输入颗粒物比较多的区域出现.太湖底泥的垂向存在4种结构，其中Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型结构对水的影响比较小，Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型是易于释放的结构，是磷释放的潜在风险类型.本次调查发现的悬浊水层中有机质和总磷的含量很高，出现位置与湖泛发生区吻合，是对太湖水质产生较大影响的物质. |
| 关键词: 太湖|底泥|底泥-水界面|底泥结构|悬浊水层|湖泛 |
| DOI：10.18307/2022.0302 |
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| 基金项目:江苏省科技计划项目（BE2018737）和江苏省研究生培养创新工程研究生科研创新计划项目（B200203049）联合资助. |
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| Investigation on vertical composition type of the sediment and the composition of the sediment-water interface in Lake Taihu |
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Hou Hao1, Zhu Wei2, Xu Xiaoge2, Xue Zongpu3, Cheng Lin2
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1.College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China;2.College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China;3.College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The research was conducted on the states and properties of the substances near the sediment-water interface (SWI) in Lake Taihu and its potential impact on water quality by field sampling and laboratory testing at 39 sampling sites in eight regions of Lake Taihu. This paper analyzed the states and vertical composition of sediments, especially the substances near the SWI in different regions, and the relationship between the sediments, phosphorus release and outbreak potential of black bloom. The results indicated that three types of substances exist on the SWI of Lake Taihu:silty hard clay, soft silt and suspended layer. Silty hard clay is a ubiquitous basement sediment in the whole lake, which is directly exposed in the central area and the other parts of the lake. Soft silt is a sediment formed in the lacustrine facies' history, covering 68% of the bottom and directly contacting with surrounding water. Suspended layer appears in areas having higher particulate matter input in recent years. Among four types of vertical structures of the sediment, type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ have relatively limited impact on the water, while type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ are easy to release nutrients into water. In this research, high content of organic matter and total phosphorus were found in the suspended layer. The location of the suspended layer was consistent with the black bloom area, which indicates that the suspended layer has negative influence on the water quality in Lake Taihu. |
| Key words: Lake Taihu|sediment|sediment-water interface|sediment structure|suspended layer|black bloom |
