| 引用本文: | 吕翔宇,朱梦圆,马永山,邹伟,徐天予,张志斌,朱广伟.太湖流域典型水源水库藻类水华的促发条件.湖泊科学,2023,35(5):1516-1528. DOI:10.18307/2023.0511 |
| Lv Xiangyu,Zhu Mengyuan,Ma Yongshan,Zou Wei,Xu Tianyu,Zhang Zhibin,Zhu Guangwei.Driving factors of algal blooms in drinking-water reservoirs in Lake Taihu Basin. J. Lake Sci.2023,35(5):1516-1528. DOI:10.18307/2023.0511 |
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| 太湖流域典型水源水库藻类水华的促发条件 |
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吕翔宇1,2, 朱梦圆2, 马永山1, 邹伟2, 徐天予3, 张志斌1, 朱广伟2
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1.山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院, 济南 250101;2.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;3.浙江大学环境与资源学院, 杭州 310058
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| 摘要: |
| 藻类异常增殖引发的水华是威胁我国水源地水库的主要生态问题之一。探究水源水库中藻类异常增殖的促发因素是防控藻类水华水质问题的前提。本文以太湖流域两个大(Ⅱ)型中营养水库为例,通过周年浮游植物细胞密度、生物量及相关环境因子逐月监测,分析影响水库有害藻类生物量季节性异常增殖特征及其促发条件。结果表明,地处亚热带季风区的两个水源水库均存在蓝藻和硅藻阶段性异常增殖的风险,老石坎水库5月暴发了以曲壳藻为绝对优势种的重度硅藻水华现象,硅藻细胞密度达到6232×104 cells/L,赋石水库则在6和9月均出现了蓝藻细胞数达到水华级别的异常增殖现象。冗余分析表明,总磷、水温和水位是影响水库硅藻、蓝藻异常增殖的关键因素。非线性回归等统计分析表明,两个水库中水体总磷浓度显著影响藻类异常增殖强度的临界值为0.024 mg/L,而水温高于16℃时,硅藻水华事件可能发生,硅藻水华发生的最佳温度为22℃;水温高于20℃时,蓝藻水华事件可能发生,蓝藻水华发生的最佳温度为30℃;持续低水位或水位快速波动过程中藻类水华暴发的风险较高。研究表明,太湖流域中营养水源水库藻类异常增殖或藻类水华的发生往往是营养盐与水文气象因素共同促发的结果,在水源水库藻类水华风险防控方面,除了加强营养盐外源输入控制力度外,还应密切关注极端天气现象,充分发挥水文调度、食物链调控及应急处置等技术手段。 |
| 关键词: 水源水库 蓝藻水华 硅藻水华 极端天气 中营养 磷 水文过程 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0511 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3203605)、国家自然科学基金项目(42271080,41830757)和中国科学院野外站联盟项目(KFJ-SW-YW036)联合资助。 |
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| Driving factors of algal blooms in drinking-water reservoirs in Lake Taihu Basin |
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Lv Xiangyu1,2, Zhu Mengyuan2, Ma Yongshan1, Zou Wei2, Xu Tianyu3, Zhang Zhibin1, Zhu Guangwei2
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1.School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, P.R. China;2.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China;3.College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Algal bloom, caused by abnormal proliferation of algae, is one of the major ecological disasters threatening the safety of many drinking water resource reservoirs in China. Investigating the driving factors of algal proliferation in drinking water resource reservoirs is a prerequisite for preventing and controlling algal blooms and water quality problems. To investigate the driving factors of algal blooms in reservoirs, the cell density and biomass of phytoplankton and related environmental factors were analysed during 12 months from Fushi Reservoir and Laoshikan Reservoir in the Taihu Basin. The results showed that reservoirs in the subtropical monsoon region were at risk of proliferation of cyanobacteria and diatoms. A severe diatom bloom dominated by Achnanthes occurred in Laoshikan Reservoir in May, and the corresponding cell density of diatom reached 6232×104 cells/L. Cyanobacterial blooms occurred in June and September in Fushi Reservoir. The result of redundancy analysis indicated that total phosphorus, water temperature and water level were key factors influencing the variation of phytoplankton community structure in reservoirs. A total phosphorus concentration higher than 0.024 mg/L could promote algal proliferation. The risk of cyanobacteria and diatom blooms increased significantly when the water temperature was higher than 20℃ and 16℃ respectively, while the best water temperature for cyanobacteria and diatom blooms was 30℃ and 22℃ respectively. Low or drastic fluctuations in water level could be beneficial for algal blooms. Our results indicate that the abnormal proliferation of phytoplankton in mesotrophic drinking water reservoirs is influenced by nutrient, hydrological and meteorological factors. External nutrient loading should be reduced to prevent and control algal blooms in such mesotrophic reservoirs, and extreme weather events, hydrological processes and food chain regulation should also be considered. |
| Key words: Drinking water source reservoir cyanobacterial bloom diatom bloom extreme weather mesotrophic phosphorus hydrological process |
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