| 引用本文: | 芦津,杨瑾晟,罗菊花,张民,阳振,霍轶珍,兰海今,谷孝鸿,史小丽.环境因子及生态补水对乌梁素海“黄苔”年际暴发面积的影响(1986—2021年).湖泊科学,2023,35(6):1881-1890. DOI:10.18307/2023.0612 |
| Lu Jin,Yang Jinsheng,Luo Juhua,Zhang Min,Yang Zhen,Huo Yizhen,Lan Haijin,Gu Xiaohong,Shi Xiaoli.Impacts of environmental factors and ecological hydration on the interannual changes of metaphytic blooms area in Lake Ulansuhai (1986-2021). J. Lake Sci.2023,35(6):1881-1890. DOI:10.18307/2023.0612 |
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| 环境因子及生态补水对乌梁素海“黄苔”年际暴发面积的影响(1986—2021年) |
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芦津1,2, 杨瑾晟1,2, 罗菊花1, 张民1, 阳振1, 霍轶珍3, 兰海今4, 谷孝鸿1, 史小丽1,5
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1.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3.内蒙古河套学院生态与资源工程系, 巴彦淖尔 015000;4.巴彦淖尔市乌梁素海生态保护中心, 巴彦淖尔 015000;5.中国科学院大学南京学院, 南京 211135
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| 摘要: |
| “黄苔”是丝状绿藻大量增殖并漂浮聚集在水面的一种藻类水华,是乌梁素海面临的重大水环境问题之一。本研究基于文献数据整合和Landsat TM/OLI系列卫星影像反演,追溯了乌梁素海近35年(1986—2021年)的水质变化和“黄苔”暴发历程,通过相关性分析和多元线性回归等方法,分析了乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发的年际影响因子。乌梁素海水体化学需氧量、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)浓度在年尺度上呈下降趋势,但仍处于富营养状态(TLI(Σ)>50)。相关性分析结果表明,乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发面积与TP、TN、氨氮、气温呈显著正相关,与出水量、风速、沉水植被面积、入水量呈显著负相关;多元线性回归结果表明,沉水植被面积和出水量是影响乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发面积的主要因子。生态补水工程的实施增加了乌梁素海出入水量,降低了水体TP、TN浓度,也造成沉水植被退化,使“黄苔”暴发的扩张趋势得以遏制。然而,乌梁素海现有营养条件、基质条件仍适宜附着藻生长和“黄苔”暴发。在全球气候变化背景下,气温升高和风力减弱可能会加剧这一现象。建议采取多种措施以防控乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发,如生态补水、外源营养盐管控、沉水植被调控、引水活化等。 |
| 关键词: “黄苔” 附着藻 乌梁素海 富营养化 生态补水 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0612 |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院STS项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-2021-01-002)、内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项资金项目(2021CG0013)和国家自然科学基金项目(32071573,41877544)联合资助。 |
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| Impacts of environmental factors and ecological hydration on the interannual changes of metaphytic blooms area in Lake Ulansuhai (1986-2021) |
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Lu Jin1,2, Yang Jinsheng1,2, Luo Juhua1, Zhang Min1, Yang Zhen1, Huo Yizhen3, Lan Haijin4, Gu Xiaohong1, Shi Xiaoli1,5
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1.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China;3.Department of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Inner Mongolia Hetao University, Bayannur 015000, P.R. China;4.Lake Ulansuhai Ecological Protection Center of Bayannur, Bayannur 015000, P.R. China;5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Nanjing 211135, P.R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Metaphytic blooms are caused by the overgrowth and the aggregation of filamentous green algae, and are one of the environmental problems in Lake Ulansuhai. This study tracked the trend of water quality and metaphytic blooms area in Lake Ulansuhai during 1986-2021 based on data integration and remote sensing image interpretation of Landsat TM/OLI satellite. Environmental factors influencing the interannual changes of metaphytic blooms area were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicated that although the concentrations of CODCr, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) had decreased significantly, Lake Ulansuhai was still eutrophic (TLI(Σ)>50). Metaphytic blooms area was positively related to the concentrations of TP, TN, NH3-N and temperature, but was negatively influenced by outflow volume, wind speed, the area of submerged macrophyte and inflow volume. The multiple linear regression showed that the area of submerged macrophyte and outflow volume were the main factors influencing the area of metaphytic blooms in Lake Ulansuhai. During the ecological hydration period (2009-2021), the concentrations of TP and TN, as well as the area of submerged macrophyte, declined with the increase of outflow and inflow volume. As a result, the expansion trend of metaphytic blooms was suppressed. Moreover, the current condition of nutrition and submerged vegetations in Lake Ulansuhai are still suitable for the growth of epiphyton and metaphytic blooms, and the rising temperature and weakening wind may intensify the metaphytic blooms in Lake Ulansuhai in the future. Multiple means are recommended for preventing and mitigating metaphytic blooms, including ecological hydration, external nutrient reduction, submerged macrophyte management, and water flow enhancement. |
| Key words: Metaphytic blooms epiphyton Lake Ulansuhai eutrophication ecological hydration |
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