| 引用本文: | 娄保锋,黄波,黄小龙,邓世江,卓海华.乌江磷浓度与通量变化及来源解析.湖泊科学,2024,36(1):64-76. DOI:10.18307/2024.0120 |
| Lou Baofeng,Huang Bo,Huang Xiaolong,Deng Shijiang,Zhuo Haihua.Variation of phosphorus concentration and flux in Wujiang River entering the Yangtze River and source apportionment. J. Lake Sci.2024,36(1):64-76. DOI:10.18307/2024.0120 |
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| 乌江磷浓度与通量变化及来源解析 |
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娄保锋1, 黄波1, 黄小龙1, 邓世江2, 卓海华1
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1.生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局监测与科研中心, 武汉 430010;2.四川省广元生态环境监测中心站, 广元 628000
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| 摘要: |
| 磷(P)是长江流域备受关注的污染物。乌江是长江八大支流之一,位于三峡水库近库尾江段。武隆断面是乌江入长江控制断面。对1998—2019时期武隆断面径流量、悬浮泥沙浓度(SS)与输沙量、磷浓度与通量(包括总磷(TP)、溶解态磷(DP)和颗粒态磷(PP))年际变化及季节特征进行研究,并基于河流基流分割原理对磷的来源进行了解析。结果表明,(1)1998—2019年,乌江武隆断面径流量在一定幅度内上下波动,而悬浮泥沙浓度和输沙量下降剧烈。(2)22年来,乌江TP和DP浓度与通量总体上呈先升高后下降的趋势,2009—2013年为磷污染峰值期,TP和DP浓度与通量远高于其它时期。(3)2007年是一个重要的时间节点,该节点前,TP的赋存形态以颗粒态为主,颗粒态磷在总磷中的占比均值为65%;该节点后,TP的赋存形态转变为以溶解态为主,颗粒态磷占比均值下降为16%,相应地,溶解态磷占比由35%上升为84%。水沙条件改变是磷形态发生显著变化的主要驱动力,磷污染程度亦是磷形态变化的重要影响因素。(4)磷通量在年内的季节分布发生了显著变化,丰水期磷通量减少,枯水期磷通量增加。(5)1998—2012、2009—2013和2014—2019年3个时期点源负荷占比分别为23.5%、36.8%和62.1%,呈增加趋势。(6)建议制定适宜的总磷控制目标,结合目前所存在的磷污染风险点,进一步强化监管,侧重源头治理。 |
| 关键词: 乌江 磷 通量 形态 来源解析 |
| DOI：10.18307/2024.0120 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2240213)和三峡工程生态与环境监测合同项目(JJ［2015-008］,JJ［2015-047］,JJ［2016-012］)联合资助。 |
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| Variation of phosphorus concentration and flux in Wujiang River entering the Yangtze River and source apportionment |
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Lou Baofeng1, Huang Bo1, Huang Xiaolong1, Deng Shijiang2, Zhuo Haihua1
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1.Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Administration, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan 430010, P.R. China;2.Guangyuan Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center Station, Sichuan Province, Guangyuan 628000, P.R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Phosphorus is a pollutant of major concern in the Yangtze River basin. The Wujiang River is one of the eight major tributaries of the Yangtze River, and its mouth is downstream of the tail of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The Wulong section is the control section of the Wujiang River entering the Yangtze River. The interannual changes and seasonality of discharge, and the concentration and flux of suspended sediment (SS) and P (including total phosphorus (TP), dissolved phosphorus (DP) and particulate phosphorus (PP)) at the Wulong section from 1998 to 2019 were studied. Based on the principle of river base flow segmentation, P loads from point and non-point sources were analyzed. The results showed that from 1998 to 2019, the discharge fluctuated up and down within a certain range, while the SS concentration and flux decreased sharply. (2) Over the past 22 years, the concentration and flux of TP and DP have shown an overall trend of increasing and then decreasing. Exceptionally high TP and DP concentrations and fluxes were observed during 2009-2013, the so-called peak P pollution period. (3) 2007 was an important time node, before which P was mainly in particulate form, with an average percentage of 65% of TP, and after the node P became mainly in dissolved form, with an average percentage of 84% of TP. The variation in water and sediment conditions was the main reason for the significant change in P form, and the degree of P pollution was another influencing factor. (4) There was a significant difference in the seasonal distribution of P flux compared to before, showing a decrease in the wet season and an increase in the dry season. (5) The percentage of point source load in the period 1998-2012, 2009-2013 and 2014-2019 was 23.5%, 36.8% and 62.1% respectively, indicating an increasing trend. (6) It is recommended to set appropriate TP control targets, pay close attention to existing P pollution risk points, and strengthen monitoring and source control. |
| Key words: Wujiang River phosphorus flux form source apportionment |
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