| 引用本文: | 张洪森,角媛梅,陈凡,张兆年,徐秋娥,陶妍.云南九大高原湖泊流域人类活动强度对水质的多尺度影响.湖泊科学,2024,36(2):430-442. DOI:10.18307/2024.0221 |
| Zhang Hongsen,Jiao Yuanmei,Chen Fan,Zhang Zhaonian,Xu Qiu'e,Tao Yan.Multi-scale impacts of human activity intensity on water quality in nine plateau lake basins in Yunnan Province. J. Lake Sci.2024,36(2):430-442. DOI:10.18307/2024.0221 |
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| 摘要: |
| 人类活动强度的空间异质性是理解区域人地关系和生态环境效应的基础。基于云南九大高原湖泊流域2020年土地利用数据,构建不同景观类型的人类影响强度系数,运用GIS空间分析量化流域人类活动强度与空间分异,探讨人类活动强度对水质的影响。结果表明:人类活动强度总体特征由高到低依次是杞麓湖(4.83)、星云湖(4.71)、滇池(4.19)、阳宗海(4.11)、抚仙湖(4.03)、异龙湖(4.01)、程海(3.93)、洱海(3.88)和泸沽湖(2.96)。人类活动强度指数(HAI)在流域尺度、坝区尺度、湖岸尺度的空间分异特征明显,每个流域都受到高强度人类活动影响,最大值出现在坝区,滇池、杞麓湖岸线存在完全开发的区域。人类活动强度随海拔和坡度增高而下降,高强度区集中在地势低平的湖泊周围。湖泊营养状态指数与流域尺度和坝区尺度高强度区呈显著正相关,这些区域应作为景观优化和管理的重点;与岸线尺度低强度区呈显著负相关,有必要减少湖滨带人类活动。综合考虑流域地形地貌-人类活动强度-水质的级联效应,应从不同空间尺度对各景观要素与过程管控。鉴于人类活动强度对水质的影响,可把湖泊管理分为预防型、保护型、治理型。 |
| 关键词: 人类活动强度 高原湖泊 水质 流域 生态管理 |
| DOI：10.18307/2024.0221 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:云南省基础研究专项(202201AS070024,202201BC070001)资助。 |
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| Multi-scale impacts of human activity intensity on water quality in nine plateau lake basins in Yunnan Province |
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Zhang Hongsen, Jiao Yuanmei, Chen Fan, Zhang Zhaonian, Xu Qiu'e, Tao Yan
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Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The spatial heterogeneity of human activity is fundamental for understanding regional human-land relations and its ecological environmental effects. Utilizing 2020 land-use data from nine plateau lake basins in Yunnan Province, we developed human impact intensity coefficients for varying landscape types. Employing GIS spatial analysis, this study quantified the intensity and spatial heterogeneity of human activities in the basins, and studied its effect on water quality. The study identified a descending order of human activity intensity(HAI) on the lakes as follows: Lake Qilu (4.83), Lake Xingyun (4.71), Lake Dianchi (4.19), Lake Yangzonghai (4.11), Lake Fuxian (4.03), Lake Yilong (4.01), Lake Chenghai (3.93), Lake Erhai (3.88) and Lake Lugu (2.96). The discernible spatial variation of human activity intensity was observed at three scales: watershed, flat area, and lakeshore. Each basin was influenced by strong human activity, and maximum values occurred in the flat area. A portion of the lakeshore of Lake Dianchi and Lake Qilu was fully developed area. HAI decreased with increasing elevation and slope, and high-intensity areas were concentrated around lakes with low elevation and flat land in the basin. The significant positive correlation between the high-intensity areas on the scale of the watershed and flat area on the trophic state index of the lakes, thus it should be the key area of landscape optimization and management in the future. Lakeshore scale low-intensity occupancy was significant negative correlation, and there is a need to reduce human activities. Considering the cascade effect of topography and geomorphology of the watershed - intensity of human activities-water quality, the control of each landscape element and process should be carried out from different spatial scales. According to the effects from various human activity intensity on the water quality, lakes can be classified into the preventive type, protective type and treatment type for their management. |
| Key words: Human activity intensity plateau lakes water quality basin ecological management |
