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| 引用本文: | 姜婷,马腾,彭子琪,郑波林,姜倩倩.围垦区与湖区沉积物磷形态赋存特征及吸附能力的对比研究——以江汉平原沉湖湿地为例.湖泊科学,2025,37(2):446-456. DOI:10.18307/2025.0220 |
| Jiang Ting,Ma Teng,Peng Ziqi,Zheng Bolin,Jiang Qianqian.Occurrence characteristics and adsorption capacities of phosphorus speciation in sediments of land reclamation and lake areas: A study of Lake Chenhu Wetland in Jianghan Plain, China. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(2):446-456. DOI:10.18307/2025.0220 |
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| 围垦区与湖区沉积物磷形态赋存特征及吸附能力的对比研究——以江汉平原沉湖湿地为例 |
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姜婷1，马腾1，3，彭子琪1，郑波林1，2，姜倩倩1
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1.中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430078 ；2.中国地质大学，生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室，武汉 430078 ；3.武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，武汉 430081
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| 摘要: |
| 人类围垦活动对环境的影响逐渐成为研究热点，但围垦活动对沉积物磷形态赋存特征及其释放风险的影响尚不明晰。深入探究这一问题对认识沉积物磷内源释放，加强区域水环境治理具有重要意义。本研究以江汉平原典型沉湖湿地为例，在连续提取湖区（G1）和围垦区（G2）沉积物磷形态的基础上，对比识别影响沉积物磷赋存形态的重要因素，并结合等温吸附热力学实验分析沉积物磷的释放能力。结果表明：（1）人类围垦对沉积物磷形态的影响主要集中在生物有效磷上。围垦后沉积物含水率下降，导致G1和G2沉积柱中可交换态磷存在极显著差异；低pH和高氧化还原环境使铁氧化物中无定形氧化铁向结晶态氧化铁转化增加，造成沉积物对铁结合态磷（Fe-P）吸附减弱，G2沉积柱中Fe-P空间异质性更强（含量是G1的1.52倍）；围垦后人类活动复杂，有机磷在表层大量累积（占总磷含量的51%），新鲜度指数表明期间存在更剧烈的微生物作用。（2）吸附热力学实验表明，相同沉积环境下，G2钻孔沉积物平衡吸附量和吸附饱和度仅为0.726 mg/g和10.6%，低于G1沉积物；平衡吸附浓度为0.378 mg/L，高于G1沉积物。说明围垦后沉积物中磷的释放风险增加，“磷源”特征更加明显，建议在此类区域加强对内源磷的管理。 |
| 关键词: 围垦活动 沉积物 磷形态 内源释放 生物有效磷 释放风险 江汉平原 沉湖湿地 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0220 |
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| 基金项目:科技部中青年科技创新领军人才项目（SQ2021RA2D100043）资助 |
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| Occurrence characteristics and adsorption capacities of phosphorus speciation in sediments of land reclamation and lake areas: A study of Lake Chenhu Wetland in Jianghan Plain, China |
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Jiang Ting1，Ma Teng1，3，Peng Ziqi1，Zheng Bolin1，2，Jiang Qianqian1
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1.School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078 , P.R.China ；2.State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078 , P.R.China ；3.College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Land reclamation from lake is increasingly concerned as a potential risk to surface water eutrophication. However, the characteristics of phosphorous（P）and possibility of its release in sediments in this process remain unclear. Undertaking extensive research on this topic holds substantial significance for elucidating the mechanisms of internal phosphorus release from sediments, and enhancing strategies for the management of regional water environments. In this study, two boreholes（lake area G1 and land reclamation area G2）were selected in Lake Chenhu, Jianghan Plain. Sediment samples from these boreholes were examined for P species as well as other properties. The risk of sediment phosphorous release was explored by thermodynamic adsorption experiments. The results showed that:（1）The principal emphasis of the impact exerted by land reclamation on phosphorus speciation was centered on bioavailable phosphorus. The exchangeable phosphorus in the G1 and G2 sediment boreholes differed significantly due to the decreased water content in sediment; and the environment with low pH and high redox accelerated the transformation of amorphous iron oxides into crystalline iron oxides, which diminished the sorption capacity of iron-bound phosphorus(Fe-P) and strengthen the spatial heterogeneity of Fe-P in the sediment borehole of G2, being 1.52 times that of G1. After the reclamation of lake areas for agriculture, human activities became more complex, organic phosphorus accumulated extensively in the surface layers, accounting for 51% of the total phosphorus content. During this period, there was also intensified microbial activities indicated by freshness index. （2）The maximum adsorption capacity was merely 0.726 mg/g and the degree of phosphorous saturation was only 10.6% in the sediment borehole of G2, which are lower than those of the G1 sediment. However, the equilibrium adsorption concentration is 0.378 mg/L, which is higher than that of the G1 sediment. Therefore, the risk of P release increases and the characteristics of “phosphorus source” are more prominent following land reclamation. |
| Key words: Land reclamation from lake sediment phosphorus speciation internal phosphorus release bioavailable phosphorus phosphorus release risk Jianghan Plain Lake Chenhu Wetland |
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