| 引用本文: | 吴东少,曹敏,段仲昭,张远,高伟.2001—2018年滇池总磷出入湖通量变化与源汇效应.湖泊科学,2023,35(4):1306-1319. DOI:10.18307/2023.0423 |
| Wu Dongshao,Cao Min,Duan Zhongzhao,Zhang Yuan,Gao Wei.The variation and source-sink effect of total phosphorus flux input and output of Lake Dianchi during 2001-2018. J. Lake Sci.2023,35(4):1306-1319. DOI:10.18307/2023.0423 |
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| 2001—2018年滇池总磷出入湖通量变化与源汇效应 |
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吴东少1, 曹敏1, 段仲昭2, 张远1, 高伟1
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1.广东工业大学生态环境与资源学院, 大湾区城市环境安全与绿色发展教育部重点实验室, 广州 510006;2.云南大学生态学与环境学院, 云南省高原山地生态与退化环境修复重点实验室, 昆明 650091
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| 摘要: |
| 磷的外源输入与底泥源汇变化是湖泊富营养化形成的重要原因,解析磷出入湖关键过程及其平衡变化对湖泊环境治理具有重要意义。本研究针对滇池外海出入湖磷通量变化问题,融合水文水质观测数据和HBV水文模型模拟数据,使用LOADEST负荷统计模型解析了2001-2018年滇池外海入湖河流、大气沉降和出湖河流的磷通量变化特征,评估了湖体总磷的源汇效应及其影响因素。结果表明:①2001-2018年滇池外海入湖磷通量年际间波动范围大,在118~700 t/a之间,多年平均入湖磷通量为280.61 t/a,其中河流平均输入251.97 t/a,大气沉降平均输入28.64 t/a,在研究的气象水文因子中,入湖磷通量主要影响因素是入湖流量和调水量,其次是降水;②滇池外海年均出湖总磷通量42.25 t/a,在8~84 t/a 之间波动,出湖通量变化主要受入湖流量与调水量的影响,其次是气温;③在年和月的时间尺度上,滇池外海均表现为磷的环境汇,多年平均磷滞留量为238.36 t/a,但在部分年份(2009、2018年)逐日尺度上存在源效应。针对滇池外海常年表现磷的环境汇问题,调水工程对降低磷的滞留率有显著作用,但仍无法有效解决磷在湖泊中富集的问题。滇池外海持续的磷汇效应将增加湖泊未来水生态安全风险。 |
| 关键词: LOADEST 随机森林 磷通量 时空特征 源汇效应 外海 滇池 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0423 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201004)资助。 |
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| The variation and source-sink effect of total phosphorus flux input and output of Lake Dianchi during 2001-2018 |
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Wu Dongshao1, Cao Min1, Duan Zhongzhao2, Zhang Yuan1, Gao Wei1
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1.Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China;2.College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The input of exogenous phosphorus and the source-sink variation of sediments are important reasons for the development of lake eutrophication. It is of great importance to analyse the key processes of phosphorus in and out of the lake and its balanced changes for the environmental management of the lake. Aiming at the variation of phosphorus flux input and output of Lake Waihai of Lake Dianchi, we analysed the phosphorus flux in atmospheric deposition and river input and output of Lake Waihai from 2001 to 2018 by the LOADEST model, combined with the hydrological and water quality observation data and HBV hydrological simulation data, evaluated the variation of total phosphorus source and sink in the lake and its influencing factors. The results showed that: ①The phosphorus flux into Lake Waihai has significant inter-annual variation characteristics during 2001-2018, ranging from 118 t/a to 700 t/a. The average phosphorus flux into Lake Waihai from 2001 to 2018 is 280.61 t/a, of which the river input is 251.97 t/a and the atmospheric deposition input is 28.64 t/a. Among the study of meteorological and hydrological factors, the main influencing factors are the river flow into the lake and the amount of water diversion, followed by precipitation. The total annual phosphorus flux from Lake Waihai is 42.25 t/a, ranging from 8 t/a to 84 t/a. The variation of the flux from the lake is mainly influenced by the river flow into the lake and the amount of water diverted, followed by the temperature factor. On the time scale of year and month, Lake Waihai is an environmental sink of phosphorus, and the average annual retention of phosphorus is 238.36 t/a, but there is a source effect in some periods (2009 and 2018) on the daily scale. For the annual environmental sink problem of phosphorus flux in Lake Waihai, although the water diversion project to reduce water pollution in Lake Waihai is effective in reducing the phosphorus retention rate, it cannot effectively solve the problem of phosphorus enrichment in the lake. The continuous phosphorus sink effect in Lake Waihai may increase the risk to water ecology in the future. |
| Key words: LOADEST random forest phosphorus flux spatial-temporal characteristics source-sink effect Lake Waihai Lake Dianchi |
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